{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,20]],"date-time":"2026-04-20T19:26:59Z","timestamp":1776713219071,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":["eje.bioscientifica.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>The polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common and complex disease with unclear pattern of inheritance, characterized by an androgen excess, while hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance (IR) are common features of the syndrome. The angiotensin I converting enzyme (ACE) insertion (I)\/deletion (D) gene polymorphism was proved to be involved in many pathophysiological conditions, including hypertension and IR.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>The purpose of this study was to evaluate the involvement of the <jats:italic>ACE<\/jats:italic> gene polymorphism in the pathogenesis of PCOS.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In a case\u2013control association study involving 801 PCOS women and 266 healthy controls, hormonal determinations and ACE polymorphism genotyping were performed. The PCOS women were classified into three groups: Group A presented biochemical hyperandrogenism, combined with anovulation and polycystic ovarian morphology; Group B, clinical hyperandrogenism combined with anovulation and polycystic ovarian morphology; and Group C, chronic anovulation and polycystic ovarian morphology.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A significant increase in the frequency of the DI genotype of the <jats:italic>ACE<\/jats:italic> polymorphism was detected in PCOS women as a whole (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>=0.035), in PCOS Group A (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>=0.039) and Group B (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>=0.010), while there was no difference in Group C (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>=0.939). Significant difference was also observed in hyperandrogenic PCOS women as a whole (Group A+B) (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>=0.017). The II genotype was positively correlated with HOMA-IR and QUICKI and with fasting insulin and glucose\/insulin ratio in these groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The association study of the <jats:italic>ACE<\/jats:italic> I\/D polymorphism in PCOS women demonstrates an increase in the DI genotype incidence and an association of the II genotype with IR.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1530\/eje-11-0894","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,6]],"date-time":"2012-01-06T11:14:59Z","timestamp":1325848499000},"page":"695-702","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/crossmarkpolicy-1","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Increased frequency of the DI genotype of the angiotensin-I converting enzyme and association of the II genotype with insulin resistance in polycystic ovary 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