{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]],"date-time":"2026-09-12T10:20:44Z","timestamp":1789208444696,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":["eje.bioscientifica.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Exposure to ionizing radiation at young age is the strongest risk factor for the occurrence of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC).<jats:italic>RET\/PTC<\/jats:italic>rearrangements are the most frequent genetic alterations associated with radiation-induced PTC, whereas<jats:italic>BRAF<\/jats:italic>and<jats:italic>RAS<\/jats:italic>mutations and<jats:italic>PAX8<\/jats:italic><jats:italic>\u2013<\/jats:italic><jats:italic>PPARG<\/jats:italic>rearrangement have been associated with sporadic PTC. We decided to search for such genetic alterations in PTCs of patients subjected in childhood to scalp irradiation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>We studied 67 thyroid tumors from 49 individuals irradiated in childhood for tinea capitis scalp epilation: 36 malignant (12 cases of conventional PTC (cPTC), two cPTC metastases, 20 cases of follicular variant PTC (FVPTC), one oncocytic variant of PTC and one follicular carcinoma) and 31 follicular thyroid adenomas.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The lesions were screened for the<jats:italic>BRAF<\/jats:italic><jats:sup><jats:italic>V600E<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sup>and<jats:italic>NRAS<\/jats:italic>mutations and for<jats:italic>RET\/PTC<\/jats:italic>and<jats:italic>PAX8<\/jats:italic><jats:italic>\u2013<\/jats:italic><jats:italic>PPARG<\/jats:italic>rearrangements.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>BRAF<\/jats:italic><jats:sup><jats:italic>V600E<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sup>mutation was detected in seven of 14 (50%) cPTC and two of 20 FVPTC (10%) (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>=0.019).<jats:italic>NRAS<\/jats:italic>mutation was present in one case of FVPTC (5%).<jats:italic>RET\/PTC1<\/jats:italic>rearrangement was found, by RT-PCR, in one of 17 cases (5.9%) and by fluorescence<jats:italic>in situ<\/jats:italic>hybridization in two of six cases (33%).<jats:italic>PAX8\u2013PPARG<\/jats:italic>rearrangement was not detected in any carcinoma. None of the follicular adenomas presented any of the aforementioned genetic alterations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The prevalence of<jats:italic>BRAF<\/jats:italic><jats:sup><jats:italic>V600E<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sup>mutation in our series is the highest reported in series of PTCs arising in radiation-exposed individuals. The prevalence of<jats:italic>RET\/PTC1<\/jats:italic>rearrangement fits with the values recently described in a similar setting.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1530\/eje-13-0543","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,22]],"date-time":"2013-08-22T04:04:35Z","timestamp":1377144275000},"page":"673-679","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/crossmarkpolicy-1","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Genetic alterations in thyroid tumors from patients irradiated in childhood for tinea capitis treatment"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"169","author":[{"given":"Paula","family":"Boaventura","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dina","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ricardo","family":"Celestino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ad\u00e9lia","family":"Mendes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tadao","family":"Nakasawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"Teixeira-Gomes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manuel","family":"Sobrinho-Sim\u00f5es","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paula","family":"Soares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","reference":[{"issue":"7","key":"1_36615481","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1626","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.24889","volume":"116","author":"Nikiforov","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cancer","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0008-543X","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"2_46615874","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.14310\/horm.2002.1260","volume":"9","year":"2010","journal-title":"Hormones","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0018-5051","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"1-2","key":"3_41097998","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.10.006","volume":"731","author":"Abou-El-Ardat","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mutation Research","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0027-5107","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"12","key":"4_22736823","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4798","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2006-0743","volume":"91","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Endocrinology &amp; 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