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However it is important to recognise that there are no large controlled intervention studies in the field and thus there is no high quality evidence to guide treatment recommendations. In particular, there is no evidence for therapy and there is weak evidence of harm from thyrotoxicosis if serum TSH is in the 0.1\u20130.4\u2009IU\/L range. In this review, we describe the different causes of subclinical thyrotoxicosis, and how treatment should be tailored to the specific cause. We advocate radioactive iodine treatment to be the first-line treatment in majority of patients suffering from subclinical thyrotoxicosis due to multinodular toxic goitre and solitary toxic adenoma, but we do generally not recommend it as the first-line treatment in patients suffering from subclinical Graves\u2019 hyperthyroidism. Such patients may benefit mostly from antithyroid drug therapy. Subclinical thyrotoxicosis in early pregnancy should in general be observed, not treated. Moreover, we advocate a general restriction of therapy in cases where no specific cause for the presumed thyroid hyperactivity has been proven.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1530\/eje-16-0276","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,8]],"date-time":"2017-03-08T20:45:22Z","timestamp":1489005922000},"page":"R325-R337","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/crossmarkpolicy-1","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["MANAGEMENT OF ENDOCRINE DISEASE: Subclinical thyrotoxicosis: prevalence, causes and choice of therapy"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"176","author":[{"given":"Allan","family":"Carl\u00e9","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Endocrinology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stine Linding","family":"Andersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Endocrinology"},{"name":"2Department of Clinical BiochemistryAalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, 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