{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T16:14:50Z","timestamp":1780503290408,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":94,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":["eje.bioscientifica.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Dopamine agonists (DAs) represent a cornerstone in the management of patients with hyperprolactinemia and have an important role in the treatment of neurologic disorders, including Parkinson\u2019s disease and restless legs syndrome. A growing body of evidence has identified impulse control disorders (ICDs) as possible adverse effects of DA therapy. A variety of ICDs may occur in patients treated with DA, including compulsive shopping, pathologic gambling, stealing, hypersexuality and punding (repetitive performance of tasks, such as collecting, sorting, disassembling and assembling objects). These behaviors can have devastating effects on patients\u2019 life and family. In the present review article, we summarize available data on ICDs in patients with hyperprolactinemia as well as other disorders. Possible risk factors for the emergence of ICDs in patients treated with DA are discussed and the putative pathophysiologic mechanisms underlying the development of ICDs in this setting are reviewed. In addition, strategies for the early identification and management of ICDs in patients on DA are discussed. In conclusion, a wide variety of ICDs can occur in patients treated with DA, including those with hyperprolactinemia. The development of ICDs can have serious implications for patients\u2019 well-being and family. Endocrinologists and other physicians involved in the care of patients on DA therapy must be aware of this potential adverse effect, counsel patients regarding pertinent symptoms and regularly evaluate treated patients for the development of ICDs. Early detection of ICDs and discontinuation of DA therapy can mitigate the potential harms associated with ICDs in these patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1530\/eje-18-0667","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,2]],"date-time":"2018-10-02T11:01:08Z","timestamp":1538478068000},"page":"R287-R296","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/crossmarkpolicy-1","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["MANAGEMENT OF ENDOCRINE DISEASE: Impulse control disorders in patients with hyperpolactinemia treated with dopamine agonists: how much should we worry?"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"179","author":[{"given":"Maya","family":"Barake","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1Clemenceau Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Klibanski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2Neuroendocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicholas A","family":"Tritos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2Neuroendocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","reference":[{"key":"ref271","first-page":"81","article-title":"Impulse control disorders with the use of dopaminergic agents in restless legs syndrome: a case-control study","volume":"33","year":"2010","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"ref451","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2003-030852","article-title":"Six months of treatment with cabergoline restores sexual potency in hyperprolactinemic males: an open longitudinal study monitoring nocturnal penile tumescence","volume":"89","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism"},{"key":"ref651","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1016\/S0376-6357(04)00140-8","article-title":"Measuring state changes in human delay discounting: an experiential discounting task","volume":"67","year":"2004","journal-title":"Behavioural Processes"},{"key":"ref111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1783","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.158.11.1783","article-title":"Psychiatric aspects of impulsivity","volume":"158","year":"2001","journal-title":"American Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref581","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2175","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.22589","article-title":"Neuropsychiatric symptoms in Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"24","year":"2009","journal-title":"Movement Disorders"},{"key":"ref761","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201891","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000005816","article-title":"CorvolJCArtaudFCormier analysis of impulse control disorders in Parkinson disease https org","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"ref791","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1097\/WNF.0b013e31826e6e6d","article-title":"Prevalence and pharmacological factors associated with impulse-control disorder symptoms in patients with Parkinson disease","volume":"35","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clinical Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"ref151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"768","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-4679(199511)51:6<768::AID-JCLP2270510607>3.0.CO;2-1","article-title":"Factor structure of the Barratt impulsiveness scale","volume":"51","year":"1995","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Psychology"},{"key":"ref821","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2011.02.013","article-title":"Impulse control and related disorders in Parkinson\u2019s disease patients treated with bilateral subthalamic nucleus stimulation: a review","volume":"17","year":"2011","journal-title":"Parkinsonism and Related Disorders"},{"key":"ref241","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1930","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2014.5262","article-title":"Reports of pathological gambling, hypersexuality, and compulsive shopping associated with dopamine receptor agonist drugs","volume":"174","year":"2014","journal-title":"JAMA Internal Medicine"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2005-9998","article-title":"Advances in the treatment of prolactinomas","volume":"27","year":"2006","journal-title":"Endocrine Reviews"},{"key":"ref01","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1219","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcp0912025","article-title":"Clinical practice. 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