{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T20:49:16Z","timestamp":1789850956328,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":122,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":["eje.bioscientifica.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,5]]},"abstract":"\n Objectives<\/jats:title>\n Childhood traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a public health issue. Our objectives were to determine the prevalence of permanent pituitary hormone deficiency and to detect the emergence of other pituitary dysfunctions or central precocious puberty several years after severe TBI.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Design<\/jats:title>\n Follow-up at least 5 years post severe TBI of a prospective longitudinal study.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Patients<\/jats:title>\n Overall, 66\/87 children, who had endocrine evaluation 1 year post severe TBI, were included (24 with pituitary dysfunction 1 year post TBI).<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Main outcome measures<\/jats:title>\n In all children, the pituitary hormones basal levels were assessed at least 5 years post TBI. Growth hormone (GH) stimulation tests were performed 3\u20134 years post TBI in children with GH deficiency (GHD) 1 year post TBI and in all children with low height velocity (<\u22121 DS) or low IGF-1 (<\u22122 DS). Central precocious puberty (CPP) was confirmed by GnRH stimulation test.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n Overall, 61\/66 children were followed up 7 (5\u201310) years post TBI (median; (range)); 17\/61 children had GHD 1 year post TBI, and GHD was confirmed in 5\/17 patients. For one boy, with normal pituitary function 1 year post TBI, GHD was diagnosed 6.5 years post TBI. 4\/61 patients developed CPP, 5.7 (2.4\u20136.1) years post-TBI. Having a pituitary dysfunction 1 year post TBI was significantly associated with pituitary dysfunction or CPP more than 5 years post TBI.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n Severe TBI in childhood can lead to permanent pituitary dysfunction; GHD and CPP may appear after many years. We recommend systematic hormonal assessment in children 1 year after severe TBI and a prolonged monitoring of growth and pubertal maturation. Recommendations should be elaborated for the families and treating physicians.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1530\/eje-19-0034","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,20]],"date-time":"2019-03-20T08:51:03Z","timestamp":1553071863000},"page":"281-290","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/crossmarkpolicy-1","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Pituitary deficiency and precocious puberty after childhood severe traumatic brain injury: a long-term follow-up prospective study"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"180","author":[{"given":"Yamina","family":"Dassa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1Paediatric Endocrinology, Gynaecology and Diabetology Unit, Assistance Publique-H\u00f4pitaux de Paris, Necker Enfants-Malades University Hospital, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H\u00e9l\u00e8ne","family":"Crosnier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Paediatric Endocrinology, Gynaecology and Diabetology Unit, Assistance Publique-H\u00f4pitaux de Paris, Necker Enfants-Malades University Hospital, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mathilde","family":"Chevignard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2Rehabilitation Department for Children and Adolescents with Acquired Neurological Injury, Saint-Maurice Hospitals, Saint-Maurice, France"},{"name":"3Laboratoire d\u2019Imagerie Biom\u00e9dicale and GRC HanCRe, Sorbonne University, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Magali","family":"Viaud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Paediatric Endocrinology, Gynaecology and Diabetology Unit, Assistance Publique-H\u00f4pitaux de Paris, Necker Enfants-Malades University Hospital, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claire","family":"Personnier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"4CHI Poissy-St Germain, Poissy, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabelle","family":"Flechtner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Paediatric Endocrinology, Gynaecology and Diabetology Unit, Assistance Publique-H\u00f4pitaux de Paris, Necker Enfants-Malades University Hospital, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philippe","family":"Meyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"5Paediatric Anaesthesiology Unit, Assistance Publique-H\u00f4pitaux de Paris, Necker Enfants-Malades University Hospital, Paris, France"},{"name":"6Paris Descartes University, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"St\u00e9phanie","family":"Puget","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"6Paris Descartes University, Paris, France"},{"name":"7Paediatric Neurosurgery Unit, Assistance Publique-H\u00f4pitaux de Paris, Necker Enfants-Malades University Hospital, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nathalie","family":"Boddaert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"6Paris Descartes University, Paris, France"},{"name":"8Radiology Unit, Assistance Publique-H\u00f4pitaux de Paris, Necker Enfants-Malades University Hospital, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sylvain","family":"Breton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"8Radiology Unit, Assistance Publique-H\u00f4pitaux de Paris, Necker Enfants-Malades University Hospital, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michel","family":"Polak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Paediatric Endocrinology, Gynaecology and Diabetology Unit, Assistance Publique-H\u00f4pitaux de Paris, Necker Enfants-Malades University Hospital, Paris, France"},{"name":"6Paris Descartes University, Paris, France"},{"name":"9IMAGINE Institute Affiliate, Paris, 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