{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T08:17:50Z","timestamp":1793089070537,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["eje.bioscientifica.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Context<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Prolactinomas frequently cause amenorrhoea, galactorrhoea and infertility and require dopamine agonist (DA) treatment to normalize prolactin levels and hence, restore ovulation. The vast majority of female patients harbour microprolactinomas in whom DA treatment is usually discontinued at the time of pregnancy diagnosis and surveillance is generally limited as the symptomatic growth is considered very rare.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Case descriptions<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>We report five cases of women harbouring a microprolactinoma in whom symptomatic pituitary apoplexy occurred during pregnancy. Only one necessitated surgery during pregnancy, while the others were treated conservatively by reintroducing DAs in three. A systematic literature review found reports of four additional cases among 20 cases of prolactinomas (both macro- and micro-prolactinomas) complicated by apoplexy during pregnancy.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>During pregnancy, pituitary apoplexy may occur in pre-existing microprolactinomas, causing tumour enlargement and headache, which may be self-limiting but may require intervention by re-initation of dopamine agonists or surgery. Our literature review confirms that this clinical event is rare; nevertheless, physicians managing pregnant patients with microprolactinomas must be aware that symptomatic pituitary apoplexy may incidentally occur in all trimesters of pregnancy and require prompt radiological, endocrine and ophthalmological assessment and treatment.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1530\/eje-21-0145","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,29]],"date-time":"2021-04-29T17:22:18Z","timestamp":1619716938000},"page":"99-108","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/crossmarkpolicy-7","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Apoplexy of microprolactinomas during pregnancy: report of five cases and review of the literature"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"185","author":[{"given":"Emmanuelle","family":"Kuhn","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1Universit\u00e9 Paris-Saclay, Inserm, Physiologie et Physiopathologie Endocriniennes, Assistance Publique-H\u00f4pitaux de Paris, H\u00f4pital Bic\u00eatre, Service d\u2019Endocrinologie et des Maladies de la Reproduction, and Centre de R\u00e9f\u00e9rence des Maladies Rares de l'Hypophyse, Le Kremlin-Bic\u00eatre, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandra A","family":"Weinreich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Medical Research Laboratory, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nienke R","family":"Biermasz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Pituitary Center and Center for Endocrine Tumors, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jens Otto L","family":"Jorgensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Medical Research Laboratory, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philippe","family":"Chanson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Universit\u00e9 Paris-Saclay, Inserm, Physiologie et Physiopathologie Endocriniennes, Assistance Publique-H\u00f4pitaux de Paris, H\u00f4pital Bic\u00eatre, Service d\u2019Endocrinologie et des Maladies de la Reproduction, and Centre de R\u00e9f\u00e9rence des Maladies Rares de l'Hypophyse, Le Kremlin-Bic\u00eatre, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","container-title":["European Journal of Endocrinology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/eje.bioscientifica.com\/view\/journals\/eje\/185\/1\/EJE-21-0145.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/eje.bioscientifica.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/eje\/185\/1\/EJE-21-0145.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,14]],"date-time":"2023-02-14T16:16:23Z","timestamp":1676391383000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ejendo\/article\/185\/1\/99\/6654378"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/eje-21-0145","relation":{},"ISSN":["0804-4643","1479-683X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0804-4643","type":"print"},{"value":"1479-683X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]]}}}