{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,12]],"date-time":"2026-11-12T04:09:39Z","timestamp":1794456579613,"version":"4.9.1"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":["eje.bioscientifica.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Background and aims<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p> Thyrotropin-secreting pituitary adenomas (TSHomas) are a rare entity, occurring in one per million people. We performed a systematic review of 535 adult cases summarizing the clinical, biochemical, hormonal and radiological characteristics of TSHoma. Furthermore, we discussed the current guidelines for diagnosis and treatment.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p> A structured research was conducted using Pubmed and Web of Science with the following MeSH terms: 'thyrotropin secreting pituitary adenoma' OR 'TSHoma' OR 'thyrotropinoma.'<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Our analysis included 535 cases originating from 18 case series, 5 cohort studies and 91 case reports. The mean age at diagnosis was 46 years. At presentation, 75% had symptoms of hyperthyroidism, 55.5% presented with a goitre and 24.9% had visual field defects. The median TSH at diagnosis was 5.16 (3.20\u20137.43) mU\/L with a mean FT4 of 41.5 \u00b1 15.3 pmol\/L. The majority (76.9%) of the TSHomas were macroadenoma. Plurihormonality was seen in 37.4% of the adenoma with a higher incidence in macroadenoma. Surgical resection of the adenoma was performed in 87.7% of patients of which 33.5% had residual pituitary adenoma. Post-operative treatment with a somatostatin analogue (SSA) led to a stable disease in 81.3% of the cases with residual tumour. We noticed a significant correlation between the diameter of the adenoma and residual pituitary adenoma (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.490, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009 &lt; 0.001). However, in patients preoperatively treated with an SSA, this correlation was absent.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p> TSHomas are a rare cause of hyperthyroidism and are frequently misdiagnosed. Based on our structured analysis of case series, cohort studies and case reports, we conclude that the majority of TSHomas are macroadenoma being diagnosed in the fifth to sixth decade of life and presenting with symptoms of hyperthyroidism. Plurihormonalitiy is observed in one-third of TSHomas. Treatment consists of neurosurgical resection and SSA in case of surgical failure.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1530\/eje-21-0162","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,16]],"date-time":"2021-06-16T12:24:31Z","timestamp":1623846271000},"page":"R65-R74","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/crossmarkpolicy-7","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":57,"title":["ENDOCRINE TUMOURS: Thyrotropin-secreting pituitary adenoma: a structured review of 535 adult cases"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"185","author":[{"given":"Carlien","family":"De Herdt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Endocrinology-Diabetology-Metabolism, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eva","family":"Philipse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Endocrinology-Diabetology-Metabolism, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium"},{"name":"2Department of Endocrinology-Diabetology, Heilig Hart Hospital Lier, Antwerp, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christophe","family":"De Block","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Endocrinology-Diabetology-Metabolism, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium"},{"name":"3University of Antwerp, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Antwerp, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","container-title":["European Journal of Endocrinology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/eje.bioscientifica.com\/view\/journals\/eje\/185\/2\/EJE-21-0162.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/eje.bioscientifica.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/eje\/185\/2\/EJE-21-0162.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,14]],"date-time":"2023-02-14T16:16:25Z","timestamp":1676391385000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ejendo\/article\/185\/2\/R65\/6654359"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,1]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/eje-21-0162","relation":{},"ISSN":["0804-4643","1479-683X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0804-4643","type":"print"},{"value":"1479-683X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,1]]}}}