{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T01:39:29Z","timestamp":1790818769160,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":["eje.bioscientifica.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Objective,<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>To investigate the genetic characteristics of idiopathic central precocious puberty (ICPP) and validate its polygenic risk for early puberty.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Design and methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>A bootstrap subsampling and genome-wide association study were performed on Taiwanese Han Chinese girls comprising 321 ICPP patients and 148 controls. Using previous GWAS data on pubertal timing, a replication study was performed. A validation group was also investigated for the weighted polygenic risk score (wPRS) of the risk of early puberty.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>A total of 105 SNPs for the risk of ICPP were identified, of which 22 yielded an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.713 for the risk of early puberty in the validation group. A replication study showed that 33 SNPs from previous GWAS data of pubertal timing were associated with the risk of ICPP (training group: <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>-value &lt; 0.05). In the validation group, a cumulative effect was observed between the wPRS and the risk of early puberty in a dose-dependent manner (validation group: Cochran\u2013Armitage trend test: <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>-value &lt; 1.00E\u221204; wPRS quartile 2 (Q2) (odds ratio (OR)\u2009=\u20095.00, 95% CI: 1.55\u201316.16), and wPRS Q3 (OR\u2009=\u200911.67, 95% CI: 2.44\u201355.83)).<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>This study reveals the ICPP genetic characteristics with 22 independent and 33 reported SNPs in the Han Chinese population from Taiwan. This study may contribute to understand the genetic features and underlying biological pathways that control pubertal timing and pathogenesis of ICPP and also to the identification of individuals with a potential genetic risk of early puberty.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1530\/eje-21-0424","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,21]],"date-time":"2021-07-21T19:00:42Z","timestamp":1626894042000},"page":"441-451","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/crossmarkpolicy-7","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Genetic factors of idiopathic central precocious puberty and their polygenic risk in early puberty"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"185","author":[{"given":"Wei-De","family":"Lin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1Genetic Center, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan"},{"name":"2School of Post Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chi-Fung","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Genetic Center, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan"},{"name":"3Department of Health Services Administration, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chung-Hsing","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"4Division of Medical Genetics, China Medical University Children\u2019s Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wen-Miin","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3Department of Health Services Administration, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chien-Hsiun","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"5Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan"},{"name":"6School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ai-Ru","family":"Hsieh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"7Department of Statistics, Tamkang University, New Taipei City, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mu-Lin","family":"Chiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"6School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ting-Hsu","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Genetic Center, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chiu-Chu","family":"Liao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Genetic Center, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shao-Mei","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Genetic Center, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chang-Hai","family":"Tsai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"8Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cherry Yin-Yi","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"9Division of Minimal Invasive Endoscopy Surgery, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan"},{"name":"10Department of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying-Ju","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Genetic Center, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan"},{"name":"6School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fuu-Jen","family":"Tsai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Genetic Center, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan"},{"name":"4Division of Medical Genetics, China Medical University Children\u2019s Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan"},{"name":"6School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan"},{"name":"8Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","container-title":["European Journal of 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