{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]],"date-time":"2026-07-09T00:17:23Z","timestamp":1783556243933,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","content-domain":{"domain":["eje.bioscientifica.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>OBJECTIVE: To investigate the prevalence of 4G5G polymorphism of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) gene in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and its functional significance. DESIGN: Case-control study. METHODS: We studied 98 patients and 64 controls. Body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-hip (WHR) ratio were determined. Blood samples were obtained for DNA analysis. PAI-1 plasma levels, serum total testosterone, fasting insulin and fasting glucose were measured and the glucose-to-insulin ratio was estimated in all subjects. RESULTS: There was a statistically significant difference in the distribution of PAI-1 gene variations among the groups. The PCOS group had significantly higher 4G\/4G and 4G\/5G combinations than the control group, whereas there were significantly less 5G\/5G. Among the PCOS women, 39.8% had the genotype 4G\/4G, 39.8% 4G\/5G and 20.4% 5G\/5G. From the control group, 20.3% had genotype 4G\/4G, 28.1% 4G\/5G and 51.6% 5G\/5G. In the 4G\/4G genotype subgroup 75% were PCOS and 25% were controls, in the 4G\/5G were 68.42% and 31.58% and in the 5G\/5G were 31.58% and 62.26% respectively. The population of PCOS women had significantly higher PAI-1 levels, WHR, total testosterone, and fasting glucose than the population of controls. CONCLUSIONS: 1) The genotypic subtypes 4G\/4G and 4G\/5G, in PCOS, were present with a statistically higher frequency compared with controls. 2) PCOS women have higher levels of PAI-1 compared with the control group. 3) The presence of the 4G allele in PAI-1 promoter region of the gene further increases the PAI-1 levels.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1530\/eje.0.1500793","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,1,24]],"date-time":"2005-01-24T21:34:41Z","timestamp":1106602481000},"page":"793-798","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/crossmarkpolicy-1","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":66,"title":["The prevalence of 4G5G polymorphism of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) gene in polycystic ovarian syndrome and its association with plasma PAI-1 levels"],"prefix":"10.1093","author":[{"given":"E","family":"Diamanti-Kandarakis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G","family":"Palioniko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K","family":"Alexandraki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A","family":"Bergiele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T","family":"Koutsouba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Bartzis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","container-title":["European Journal of Endocrinology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/eje.bioscientifica.com\/view\/journals\/eje\/150\/6\/793.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/eje.bioscientifica.com\/view\/journals\/eje\/150\/6\/793.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,14]],"date-time":"2023-02-14T16:33:36Z","timestamp":1676392416000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ejendo\/article\/150\/6\/793\/6694384"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2004,6,1]]},"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/eje.0.1500793","relation":{},"ISSN":["0804-4643","1479-683X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0804-4643","type":"print"},{"value":"1479-683X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2004,6,1]]}}}