{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T13:14:33Z","timestamp":1760188473188},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["eje.bioscientifica.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["eur j endocrinol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Objectives<\/jats:italic>: Lipodystrophy and insulin resistance are prevalent among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients on combined antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Aiming to provide a detailed description of the metabolic adverse effects of HIV-lipodystrophy, we investigated several aspects of glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism and \u03b2-cell function in lipodystrophic HIV-infected patients.<\/jats:p>\n      <jats:p><jats:italic>Methods<\/jats:italic>: [3-<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>H]glucose was applied during euglycaemic hyperinsulinaemic clamps in association with indirect calorimetry in 43 normoglycaemic HIV-infected patients (18 lipodystrophic patients on HAART (LIPO), 18 patients without lipodystrophy on HAART (NONLIPO) and seven patients who were nai\u0308ve to antiretroviral therapy (NAI\u0308VE) respectively). \u03b2-cell function was evaluated by an intravenous glucose tolerance test.<\/jats:p>\n      <jats:p><jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>: Compared with NONLIPO and NAI\u0308VE separately, LIPO displayed markedly reduced ratio of limb to trunk fat (RLF; &gt;34%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001), hepatic insulin sensitivity (&gt;40%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.03), incremental glucose disposal (&gt;50%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001) and incremental exogenous glucose storage (&gt;50%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.05). Furthermore, LIPO displayed reduced incremental glucose oxidation (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.01), increased clamp free fatty acids (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.05) and attenuated insulin-mediated suppression of lipid oxidation (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.05) compared with NONLIPO. In combined study groups, RLF correlated with hepatic insulin sensitivity (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic> = 0.69), incremental glucose disposal (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic> = 0.71) and incremental exogenous glucose storage (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic> = 0.40), all <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.01. Disposition index (i.e. first-phase insulin response to intravenous glucose multiplied by incremental glucose disposal) was reduced by 46% (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.05) in LIPO compared with the combined groups of NONLIPO and NAI\u0308VE, indicating an impaired adaptation of \u03b2-cell function to insulin resistance in LIPO.<\/jats:p>\n      <jats:p><jats:italic>Conclusion<\/jats:italic>: Our data suggest that normoglycaemic lipodystrophic HIV-infected patients display impaired glucose and lipid metabolism in multiple pathways involving liver, muscle tissue and \u03b2-cell function.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1530\/eje.1.01835","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,1,24]],"date-time":"2005-01-24T21:27:42Z","timestamp":1106602062000},"page":"103-112","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1530\/crossmarkpolicy-1","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Defective glucose and lipid metabolism in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients with lipodystrophy involve liver, muscle tissue and pancreatic \u03b2-cells"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"152","author":[{"given":"Steen B","family":"Haugaard","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ove","family":"Andersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Flemming","family":"Dela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jens 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