{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T03:13:24Z","timestamp":1790910804023,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":["eje.bioscientifica.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["eur j endocrinol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Background<\/jats:italic>: The transcription factor pituitary-1 (Pit-1) is mainly expressed in the pituitary gland, where it has critical roles in cell differentiation and as a transcriptional factor for GH and prolactin (PRL). It is also expressed in human extrapituitary tissues (placenta, lymphoid and haematopoietic tissues) and cell lines (human breast adenocarcinoma cells, MCF-7). Despite the widely suggested roles of GH and PRL in the progression of proliferative mammary disorders, Pit-1 expression in human mammary gland has not yet been reported.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>Objective<\/jats:italic>: To evaluate the expression of Pit-1 in human breast and, using the MCF-7 cell line, to investigate whether Pit-1 overexpression regulates GH expression and increases cell proliferation.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>Methods<\/jats:italic>: Using real-time RT-PCR, western blotting and immunohistochemistry, we evaluated the expression of Pit-1 mRNA and protein in seven normal human breasts and 14 invasive ductal mammary carcinomas. GH regulation by Pit-1 in MCF-7 cells was evaluated using RT-PCR, western blotting, ELISA and transfection assays. Cell proliferation was evaluated using bromodeoxyuridine.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>: We found expression of Pit-1 mRNA and protein in both normal and tumorous human breast. We also found that Pit-1 mRNA levels were significantly increased in breast carcinoma compared with normal breast. In MCF-7 cells, Pit-1 overexpression increased GH mRNA and protein concentrations and significantly increased cell proliferation.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>Conclusions<\/jats:italic>: These findings indicate that Pit-1 is expressed in human breast, that it regulates endogenous human mammary GH secretion, and that it increases cell proliferation. This suggests that, depending on its level of expression, Pit-1 may be involved in normal mammary development, breast disorders, or both.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1530\/eje.1.01962","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,8,1]],"date-time":"2005-08-01T21:07:56Z","timestamp":1122930476000},"page":"335-344","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/crossmarkpolicy-1","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["Pit-1 is expressed in normal and tumorous human breast and regulates GH secretion and cell proliferation"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"153","author":[{"given":"C","family":"Gil-Puig","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S","family":"Seoane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Blanco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Macia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T","family":"Garcia-Caballero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C","family":"Segura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R","family":"Perez-Fernandez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"1_9127595","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.4.5.695","volume":"4","author":"Simmons","year":"1990","journal-title":"Genes &amp; 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