{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T21:31:15Z","timestamp":1792272675042,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Bioscientifica","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,12]],"date-time":"2026-02-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770854400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":256,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.bioscientifica.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Patellar dislocations present predominantly during adolescence, with a higher incidence observed among female patients. Patellofemoral joint stability depends critically on both osseous anatomy and soft tissue structures. Patellofemoral pathology can be classified into three major groups: objective patellar instability OPI, potential patellar instability and painful patellar syndrome. Three primary risk factors predispose individuals to patellar dislocation: trochlear dysplasia, patella alta and increased tibial tuberosity-trochlear groove (TT\u2013TG) distance. Three secondary risk factors should be considered: femoral and tibial rotational abnormalities and valgus deformity. MRI has become the imaging modality of choice, enabling precise quantification of OPI risk factors in a single imaging examination. The \u2018menu \u00e0 la carte\u2019 approach guides the treatment of OPI by addressing the most relevant anatomical risk factors for each patient using statistical thresholds.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1530\/eor-2025-0051","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,3]],"date-time":"2025-06-03T07:53:35Z","timestamp":1748937215000},"page":"378-387","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/crossmarkpolicy-16","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Patellar instability: current approach"],"prefix":"10.1530","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6012-1651","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"David H","family":"Dejour","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Lyon-Ortho-Clinic 1 , ,","place":["Lyon, France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Mazy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CHU Sainte-Justine 2 , ,","place":["Montr\u00e9al, Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomas","family":"Pineda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital el Carmen 3 , ,","place":["Santiago, Chile"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicolas","family":"Cance","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Orthopaedics Surgery and Sports Medicine Department, FIFA Medical Center of Excellence, Croix-Rousse Hospital, Lyon North University Hospital 4 , ,","place":["Lyon, France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael J","family":"Dan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Surgical and Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Prince of Wales Clinical School University of New South Wales 5 , ,","place":["Sydney, Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edoardo","family":"Giovannetti de Sanctis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IULS-Institut Universitaire Locomoteur et Sports, 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