{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T19:06:05Z","timestamp":1792004765194,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Bioscientifica","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,1]],"date-time":"2024-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706745600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["eor.bioscientifica.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,1]]},"abstract":"\n Purpose<\/jats:title>\n \n \n \n The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic literature review analyzing the results of\n in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n rat femoral defect models using biomaterials for improving the induced membrane technique (IMT).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n <\/jats:list>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n \n \n Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, the PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases were searched. Inclusion criteria were studies reporting results of the IMT in\n in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n rat femoral critical-sized defect models using a biomaterial possibly combined with molecules. Methodologic quality was assessed with the Animal Research: Reporting\n In Vivo<\/jats:italic>\n Experiments guidelines.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n <\/jats:list>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n \n Twenty studies met the inclusion criteria. Femoral stabilization with plate and screws was the most frequent. Histologic, biomechanical, and\/or radiologic analyses were performed. In two-stage strategies, the PMMA spacer could be associated with bioactive molecules to enhance IM growth factor expression and improve bone formation. Modulating the roughness of spacers could increase IM thickness and accelerate its formation. In one-stage strategies, human tissue-derived membranes combined with bone grafting achieved bone formation comparable to a standard IMT. All calcium phosphate grafts seemed to require a functionalization with growth factors or bone marrow mononuclear cells to improve outcomes compared with non-functionalized grafts.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n <\/jats:list>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n \n \n \n This systematic review described the main parameters of the\n in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n rat femoral defect models using biomaterials to improve the induced membrane technique. Although the studies included had several methodological limitations that may limit the scope of these conclusions, one- and two-stage strategies reported promising results with biomaterials to improve the IMT.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n <\/jats:list>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1530\/eor-23-0055","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,1]],"date-time":"2024-02-01T09:18:47Z","timestamp":1706779127000},"page":"138-145","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/crossmarkpolicy-16","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Systematic literature review of in vivo rat femoral defect models using biomaterials to improve the induced membrane technique: a comprehensive analysis"],"prefix":"10.1530","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3547-9990","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Marc","family":"Saab","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CHU Lille, Orthopaedic and Traumatology Department, H\u00f4pital Roger Salengro, Lille, France"},{"name":"University of Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, U1008 \u2013 Advanced Drug Delivery Systems and Biomaterials, Lille, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6129-9104","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"C\u00e9dric","family":"Zobrist","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Lille, CNRS, INRAE, Centrale Lille, UMR 8207 \u2013 UMET \u2013 Unit\u00e9 Mat\u00e9riaux et Transformations, Lille, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicolas","family":"Blanchemain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, U1008 \u2013 Advanced Drug Delivery Systems and Biomaterials, Lille, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bernard","family":"Martel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Lille, CNRS, INRAE, Centrale Lille, UMR 8207 \u2013 UMET \u2013 Unit\u00e9 Mat\u00e9riaux et Transformations, Lille, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Feng","family":"Chai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, U1008 \u2013 Advanced Drug Delivery Systems and Biomaterials, Lille, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"416","reference":[{"key":"bib1","series-title":"Orthopaedics and Traumatology","first-page":"785","article-title":"The induced membrane technique","volume":"106","author":"Masquelet","year":"2020","unstructured":"Masquelet AC. 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(https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00068-019-01296-x)"},{"key":"bib14","series-title":"Phytomedicine","first-page":"153995","article-title":"Efficacy of total flavonoids of rhizoma drynariae on the blood vessels and the bone graft in the induced membrane","volume":"99","author":"Li","year":"2022","unstructured":"Li SLi YJiang ZHu CGao Y & Zhou Q. Efficacy of total flavonoids of rhizoma drynariae on the blood vessels and the bone graft in the induced membrane. Phytomedicine202299153995. (https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.phymed.2022.153995)"},{"key":"bib15","series-title":"Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research","first-page":"2737","article-title":"The Masquelet technique: can disposable polypropylene syringes be an alternative to standard PMMA spacers? A rat bone defect model","volume":"479","author":"Mathieu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mathieu LMurison JCde Rousiers Ade l\u2019Escalopier NLutomski DCollombet JM & Durand M. The Masquelet technique: can disposable polypropylene syringes be an alternative to standard PMMA spacers? A rat bone defect model. Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research20214792737\u20132751. (https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/CORR.0000000000001939)"},{"key":"bib16","series-title":"Injury","first-page":"1368","article-title":"A bioactive synthetic membrane improves bone healing in a preclinical nonunion model","volume":"53","author":"DeBaun","year":"2022","unstructured":"DeBaun MRSalazar BPBai YGardner MJYang YPPan CCStahl AMMoeinzadeh SKim S, Stanford iTEAM Group, et al.A bioactive synthetic membrane improves bone healing in a preclinical nonunion model. Injury2022531368\u20131374. 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