{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T14:18:05Z","timestamp":1784557085009,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Bioscientifica","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":["erc.bioscientifica.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP\/\n                    <jats:italic>Nppc<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) is expressed at high levels in the anterior pituitary of rats and mice and activates guanylyl cyclase B receptors (GC-B\/\n                    <jats:italic>Npr2<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) to regulate hormone secretion. Mutations in\n                    <jats:italic>NPR2\/Npr2<\/jats:italic>\n                    can cause achondroplasia, GH deficiency, and female infertility, yet the normal expression profile within the anterior pituitary remains to be established in humans. The current study examined the expression profile and transcriptional regulation of\n                    <jats:italic>NPR2<\/jats:italic>\n                    and GC-B protein in normal human fetal pituitaries, normal adult pituitaries, and human pituitary adenomas using RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. Transcriptional regulation of human\n                    <jats:italic>NPR2<\/jats:italic>\n                    promoter constructs was characterized in anterior pituitary cell lines of gonadotroph, somatolactotroph, and corticotroph origin.\n                    <jats:italic>NPR2<\/jats:italic>\n                    was detected in all human fetal and adult pituitary samples regardless of age or sex, as well as in all adenoma samples examined regardless of tumor origin. GC-B immunoreactivity was variable in normal pituitary, gonadotrophinomas, and somatotrophinomas. Maximal transcriptional regulation of the\n                    <jats:italic>NPR2<\/jats:italic>\n                    promoter mapped to a region within \u2212214\u200abp upstream of the start site in all anterior pituitary cell lines examined. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays revealed that this region contains Sp1\/Sp3 response elements. These data are the first to show\n                    <jats:italic>NPR2<\/jats:italic>\n                    expression in normal human fetal and adult pituitaries and adenomatous pituitary tissue and suggest a role for these receptors in both pituitary development and oncogenesis, introducing a new target to manipulate these processes in pituitary adenomas.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1530\/erc-12-0129","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,29]],"date-time":"2012-05-29T23:14:17Z","timestamp":1338333257000},"page":"497-508","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/crossmarkpolicy-1","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Expression of guanylyl cyclase-B (GC-B\/NPR2) receptors in normal human fetal pituitaries and human pituitary adenomas implicates a role for C-type natriuretic peptide"],"prefix":"10.1530","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Iain 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