{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T23:13:40Z","timestamp":1791414820922,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":207,"publisher":"Bioscientifica","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":["erc.bioscientifica.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Endometrioid endometrial carcinoma (EEC), also known as type 1 endometrial cancer (EC), accounts for over 70\u201380% of all cases that are usually associated with estrogen stimulation and often develops in a background of atypical endometrial hyperplasia. The increased incidence of EC is mainly confined to this type of cancer. Most EEC patients present at an early stage and generally have a favorable prognosis; however, up to 30% of EEC present as high risk tumors, which have invaded deep into the myometrium at diagnosis and progressively lead to local or extra pelvic metastasis. The poor survival of advanced EC is related to the lack of effective therapies, which can be attributed to poor understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the progression of disease toward invasion and metastasis. Multiple lines of evidence illustrate that epithelial\u2013mesenchymal transition (EMT)-like events are central to tumor progression and malignant transformation, endowing the incipient cancer cell with invasive and metastatic properties. The aim of this review is to summarize the current knowledge on molecular events associated with EMT in progression, invasion, and metastasis of EEC. Further, the role of epigenetic modifications and microRNA regulation, tumor microenvironment, and microcystic elongated and fragmented glands like invasion pattern have been discussed. We believe this article may perhaps stimulate further research in this field that may aid in identifying high risk patients within this clinically challenging patient group and also lead to the recognition of novel targets for the prevention of metastasis \u2013 the most fatal consequence of endometrial carcinogenesis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1530\/erc-15-0218","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,4]],"date-time":"2015-11-04T22:33:13Z","timestamp":1446676393000},"page":"R85-R111","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/crossmarkpolicy-1","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":75,"title":["Tumor progression, metastasis, and modulators of epithelial\u2013mesenchymal transition in endometrioid endometrial carcinoma: an update"],"prefix":"10.1530","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Annu","family":"Makker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Madhu Mati","family":"Goel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"416","reference":[{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12094-007-0054-z"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnci.2014.08.002"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.25220"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1677\/ERC-07-0064"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/modpathol.2013.144"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/carcin\/bgu198"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67063-8"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/onc.2012.351"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.9","first-page":"79","article-title":"Effect of normal endometrial stroma on growth and differentiation in Ishikawa endometrial adenocarcinoma cells","volume":"62","author":"Arnold","year":"2002","journal-title":"Cancer Research"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4065\/83.1.97"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0070616"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-4598-12-155"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1209942"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.2675"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1097\/PDM.0b013e31806219ae","article-title":"The E-cadherin repressor snail plays a role in tumor progression of endometrioid adenocarcinomas","volume":"164","author":"Blechschmidt","year":"2007","journal-title":"Diagnostic Molecular Pathology"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1940-6207.CAPR-14-0054"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/modpathol.2013.96"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/cddis.2014.334"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/cddis.2014.7"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6605486"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2011.09.014"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-13-0544"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.24238"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1209808"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chung I, Subramaniam KS, Tham ST, Mohamed Z, Adenan NAM & Woo YL 2014 Cancer-associated fibroblasts promote endometrial cancer cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo (abstract). In Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research, 2014, April 5\u20139. San Diego, CA: Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Research 74 Abstract no. 1078","DOI":"10.1158\/1538-7445.AM2014-1078"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2006.10.018"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.28854"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4778","DOI":"10.1038\/onc.2011.632","article-title":"ETV5 cooperates with LPP as a sensor of extracellular signals and promotes EMT in endometrial carcinomas","volume":"8","author":"Colas","year":"2012","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/dmm.004440"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2012.04.026"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4161\/cbt.12.5.15963"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-4598-10-99"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/carcin\/bgt369"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-014-0231-0"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2591","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.115.12.2591","article-title":"Ras induces NBT-II epithelial cell scattering through the coordinate activities of Rac and MAPK pathways","volume":"115","author":"Edme","year":"2002","journal-title":"Journal of Cell Science"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/IGC.0b013e318296a265"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.00892-06"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1309\/AJCPV7U7PGHOWEQG"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-04-2670"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-06-1407"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jjco\/hys237"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Feng G Wang X Cao X Shen L Zhu J 2014 ZEB1 expression in endometrial biopsy predicts lymph node metastases in patient with endometrial cancer. Disease Markers 2014 Article ID 680361 doi:10.1155\/2014\/680361).","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/680361"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2878","DOI":"10.3892\/or.2013.2752","article-title":"Promoter hypermethylation of the tumor-suppressor genes RASSF1A, GSTP1 and CDH1 in endometrial cancer","volume":"30","author":"Fiolka","year":"2013","journal-title":"Oncology Reports"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0960-0760(97)00057-5"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1349-7006.2008.01053.x"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0142(19991115)86:10<2083::AID-CNCR28>3.0.CO;2-2"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/er.18.4.502"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-07-2686"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.49","first-page":"2102","article-title":"The expression of S100P increases and promotes cellular proliferation by increasing nuclear translocation of \u03b2-catenin in endometrial cancer","volume":"7","author":"Guo","year":"2014","journal-title":"International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Pathology"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.50","first-page":"4190","article-title":"Consequences of loss of progesterone receptor expression in development of invasive endometrial cancer","volume":"9","author":"Hanekamp","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clinical Cancer Research"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-06-1375"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1349-7006.2009.01148.x"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.53","first-page":"1103","article-title":"Hsa-microRNA-181a is a regulator of a number of cancer genes and a biomarker for endometrial carcinoma in patients: a bioinformatic and clinical study and the therapeutic implication","volume":"9","author":"He","year":"2015","journal-title":"Drug Design, Development and Therapy"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PGP.0b013e318285657b"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1582-4934.2008.00526.x"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/gyno.2000.6056"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.57","first-page":"219","article-title":"Hypoxia and angiogenesis in endometrioid endometrial carcinogenesis","volume":"29","author":"Hor\u013aee","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cellular Oncology"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hsu YT, Liu J, Binkley PA, Schenken RS, Tekmal RR, Huang THM & Kirma NB 2014 Parallel EMT pathways mediated by epidermal growth factor, EpCAM and mesenchymal cadherins in benign endometriotic lesions and endometrial cancer. In Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research, 2014, April 5\u20139. San Diego, CA: Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Research 74 (19 Suppl) Abstract no. 3326","DOI":"10.1158\/1538-7445.AM2014-3326"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/onc.2013.238"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3802\/jgo.2014.25.2.155"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(11)91663-9"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.20107"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2049","DOI":"10.3892\/ol.2014.2437","article-title":"Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 is involved in the proliferation of endometrial carcinoma","volume":"8","author":"Jia","year":"2014","journal-title":"Oncology Letters"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12032-012-0438-y"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2012.03.006"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12935-014-0088-6"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.24335"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature12113"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1827.2009.02366.x"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139087","DOI":"10.1155\/2010\/139087","article-title":"The synergistic effect of conditional Pten loss and oncogenic K-ras mutation on endometrial cancer development occurs via decreased progesterone receptor action","volume":"2010","author":"Kim","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Oncology"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15430\/JCP.2013.18.4.313"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1677\/JOE-08-0161"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1349-7006.1999.tb00665.x"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.2157"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1746-1596-9-77"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0000000000000166"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-10-0263"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2005.12.021"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.3892\/ijo.2012.1486","article-title":"Interleukin 11 regulates endometrial cancer cell adhesion and migration via STAT3","volume":"41","author":"Lay","year":"2012","journal-title":"International Journal of Oncology"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-10-0017"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0030246"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.2147\/CMAR.S4545","article-title":"TGF\u03b2 signaling supports survival and metastasis of endometrial cancer cells","volume":"1","author":"Lei","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cancer Management and Research"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19930715)72:2<519::AID-CNCR2820720231>3.0.CO;2-#"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-11-3123"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2867-13-44"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.137596.112"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1038\/modpathol.2009.45","article-title":"Aberrant activation of hedgehog signaling pathway contributes to endometrial carcinogenesis through \u03b2-catenin","volume":"22","author":"Liao","year":"2009","journal-title":"Modern Pathology"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.88","first-page":"e0099907","article-title":"SHARP1 suppresses angiogenesis of endometrial cancer by decreasing hypoxia-inducible factor-1a level","volume":"9","author":"Liao","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2407-14-487"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.113.110478"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11596-011-0382-7"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0087563"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2010.12.041"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-07-0321"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.95","first-page":"1014","article-title":"Epigenetic modifications and carcinogenesis of human endometrial cancer","volume":"1","author":"Ma","year":"2014","journal-title":"Austin Journal of Clinical Pathology"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/2049-3002-2-3"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-06-0912"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1940-6207.CAPR-09-0199"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4161\/cbt.10.12.13582"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2006.10.872"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-4598-13-97"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2559.2011.04158.x"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-10-2291"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/carcin\/bgp119"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2011.06.021","article-title":"Epithelial to mesenchymal transition in early stage endometrioid endometrial carcinoma","volume":"43","author":"Montserrat","year":"2011","journal-title":"Human Pathology"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1205924"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1517\/14712598.2012.672558"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1535-7163.MCT-10-1019"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)64656-1"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.3892\/or_00000871","article-title":"Prognostic significance and clinical importance of estrogen receptor \u03b1 and \u03b2 in human endometrioid adenocarcinomas","volume":"24","author":"Mylonas","year":"2010","journal-title":"Oncology Reports"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2407-12-191"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1541-7786.MCR-11-0233"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-09-0506"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5613","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-05-4321","article-title":"Regression of latent endometrial precancers by progestin infiltrated intrauterine device","volume":"56","author":"Orbo","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cancer Research"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8786","DOI":"10.1177\/1933719112438448","article-title":"Endometrial miR-200c is altered during transformation into cancerous state and targets the expression of ZEBs, VEGFA, FLT1, IKKB, KLF9, and FBLN5","volume":"19","author":"Panda","year":"2012","journal-title":"Reproductive Sciences"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-7827-7-122"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2007.02.012"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2559.2011.03802.x"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.119","first-page":"133","article-title":"Analysis of PTEN, estrogen receptor \u03b1 and progesterone receptor expression in endometrial hyperplasia using tissue microarray","volume":"3","author":"Pieczy\u0144ska","year":"2011","journal-title":"Polish Journal of Pathology"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2010.01.025"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1210529"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PGP.0b013e31825d8049"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2407-14-78"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1634\/theoncologist.2010-0091"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.125","unstructured":"Ries LAG, Young JL, Keel GE, Eisner MP, Lin YD & Horner MJ 2007 SEER Survival Monograph: Cancer Survival Among Adults: U.S. SEER Program, 1998\u20132001, Patient and Tumor Characteristics. SEER Program, NIH Pub. No. 07-6215. Bethesda, MD, USA: National Cancer Institute. (available at: http:\/\/seer.cancer.gov\/archive\/publications\/survival\/seer_survival_mono_lowres.pdf)."},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2013.00139","article-title":"Gene expression analysis of early stage endometrial cancers reveals unique transcripts associated with grade and histology but not depth of invasion","volume":"3","author":"Risinger","year":"2013","journal-title":"Frontiers in Oncology"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/modpathol.2013.93"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lungcan.2010.02.004"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sadlecki P Bodnar M Grabiec M Marszalek A Walentowicz P Sokup A Zegarska J Walentowicz-Salecka M 2014 The role of hypoxia-inducible factor 1\u03b1, glucose transporter-1 (GLUT-1) and carbon anhydrase IX in endometrial cancer patients. BioMed Research International 2014 Article ID 616850 doi:10.1155\/2014\/616850).","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/616850"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/path.856"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1054\/bjoc.2000.1581"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2012.05.008"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2003.12.017"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/gyno.1994.1113"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(12)70213-9"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"Article ID 162363, 16 pages","DOI":"10.1155\/2010\/162363","article-title":"Molecular profiling of endometrial malignancies","volume":"2010","author":"Samarnthai","year":"2010","journal-title":"Obstetrics and Gynecology International"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1746-1596-4-41"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medici.2014.05.002"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/IGC.0000000000000050"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1525-1438.2006.00406.x"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1677\/erc.1.01169"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0040312"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2011.07.004"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.144","first-page":"3843","article-title":"Immunohistochemical expression of E-cadherin and \u03b2-catenin in the normal and malignant human endometrium: an inverse correlation between E-cadherin and nuclear \u03b2-catenin expression","volume":"24","author":"Shih","year":"2004","journal-title":"Anticancer Research"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0037431"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.pgp.0000183048.22588.18"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/modpathol.2008.82"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0022828"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molonc.2012.06.006"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-05-2881"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2015.06.011"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.152","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PAT.0000000000000270"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.153","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2559.2009.03327.x"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.154","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/modpathol.2009.33"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.2009.069500"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2559.2011.03893.x"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.157","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-4598-3-7"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.158","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anndiagpath.2015.04.001"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.159","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2297","DOI":"10.3892\/or.2013.2400","article-title":"miR-205 promotes tumor proliferation and invasion through targeting ESRRG in endometrial carcinoma","volume":"29","author":"Su","year":"2013","journal-title":"Oncology Reports"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.160","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0068923"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.161","first-page":"5461","article-title":"Epithelial\u2013mesenchymal transition and cancer stem cells in endometrial cancer","volume":"33","author":"Supernat","year":"2013","journal-title":"Anticancer Research"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.162","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2867-14-53"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.163","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2010-1803"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.164","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4161\/cbt.22624"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.165","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0098069"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.166","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-10-3166"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2014.07.087"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc822"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.169","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm1835"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.170","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.21650"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.171","first-page":"68","article-title":"The epithelial mesenchymal transition confers resistance to the apoptotic effects of transforming growth factor \u03b2 in fetal rat hepatocytes","volume":"1","author":"Valdes","year":"2002","journal-title":"Molecular Cancer Research"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.172","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0030840"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.173","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/path.4160"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.174","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/onc.2012.376"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1139","DOI":"10.1177\/1947601911423940","article-title":"The role of stromal myofibroblast and extracellular matrix in tumor angiogenesis","volume":"2","author":"Vong","year":"2012","journal-title":"Genes & Cancer"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.176","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0084629"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.177","first-page":"3621","article-title":"Exploitation of the NOTCH signaling pathway as a novel target for cancer therapy","volume":"28","author":"Wang","year":"2008","journal-title":"Anticancer Research"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.178","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-09-0814"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.179","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.201"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.180","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/138945010791170860"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.181","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2012.03.012"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.182","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1225","DOI":"10.3892\/or.2014.2982","article-title":"Forkhead-box A1 suppresses the progression of endometrial cancer via crosstalk with estrogen receptor \u03b1","volume":"31","author":"Wang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Oncology Reports"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.183","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.3892\/or.2014.3651","article-title":"MPA influences tumor cell proliferation, migration and invasion induced by RANKL through PRB involving the MAPK pathway in endometrial cancer","volume":"33","author":"Wang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Oncology Reports"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.184","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-12-3815"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.185","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/carcin\/bgn104"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.186","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/modpathol.2012.174"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.187","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-12-3039"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.188","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1525-1438.2007.01002.x"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.189","first-page":"1488","article-title":"Acrp30 inhibits leptin-induced metastasis by downregulating the JAK\/STAT3 pathway via AMPK activation in aggressive SPEC-2 endometrial cancer cells","volume":"27","author":"Wu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Oncology Reports"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.190","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/IGC.0b013e31829ea779"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.191","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dei434"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.192","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1457","DOI":"10.1097\/IGC.0b013e31826ed2be","article-title":"The influence of EGFR inhibitor AG1478 on epithelial\u2013mesenchymal transition in endometrial carcinoma cells","volume":"22","author":"Yan","year":"2012","journal-title":"International Journal of Gynecological Cancer"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.193","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0067458"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.194","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3802\/jgo.2014.25.1.36"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.195","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000333077"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.196","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-05-2828"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc2734"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.198","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3892\/or.17.4.871"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.199","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PGP.0000000000000137"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.200","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1208927"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.201","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/2050-7771-1-12"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.202","first-page":"544","article-title":"Expressions of PIK3CB, Akt and p-Akt in endometrial carcinoma and their clinical significance","volume":"41","author":"Zhang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of China Medical University"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/IGC.0000000000000092"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.204","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2164-15-868"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.205","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/IGC.0b013e3182216ac9"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.206","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2012.07.128"},{"key":"2016011117184993000_23.2.R85.207","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12935-014-0145-1"}],"container-title":["Endocrine-Related Cancer"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/erc.bioscientifica.com\/view\/journals\/erc\/23\/2\/R85.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/erc.bioscientifica.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/erc\/23\/2\/R85.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T13:53:10Z","timestamp":1784555590000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/journals.bioscientifica.com\/erc\/article\/23\/2\/R85-R111\/33988"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,4]]},"references-count":207,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/erc-15-0218","relation":{},"ISSN":["1351-0088","1479-6821"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1351-0088","type":"print"},{"value":"1479-6821","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,4]]}}}