{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T22:43:00Z","timestamp":1790808180938,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Bioscientifica","issue":"8","content-domain":{"domain":["erc.bioscientifica.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Neoadjuvant androgen deprivation therapy (NADT) is one strategy for the treatment of early-stage prostate cancer; however, the long-term outcomes of NADT with radical prostatectomy including biochemical failure-free survival are not promising. One proposed mechanism is incomplete androgen ablation. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the efficiency of serum hydroxy-androgen suppression in patients with localized high-risk prostate cancer under NADT (leuprolide acetate plus abiraterone acetate and prednisone) and interrogate the primary sources of circulating hydroxy-androgens using our recently described stable isotope dilution liquid chromatography mass spectrometric method. For the first time, three androgen diols including 5-androstene-3\u03b2,17\u03b2-diol (5-adiol), 5\u03b1-androstane-3\u03b1,17\u03b2-diol (3\u03b1-adiol), 5\u03b1-androstane-3\u03b2,17\u03b2-diol (3\u03b2-adiol), the glucuronide or sulfate conjugate of 5-adiol and 3\u03b1-adiol were measured and observed to be dramatically reduced after NADT. By comparing patients that took leuprolide acetate alone vs leuprolide acetate plus abiraterone acetate and prednisone, we were able to distinguish the primary sources of these androgens and their conjugates as being of either testicular or adrenal in origin. We find that testosterone, 5\u03b1-dihydrotestosterone (DHT), 3\u03b1-adiol and 3\u03b2-adiol were predominately of testicular origin. By contrast, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), epi-androsterone (epi-AST) and their conjugates, 5-adiol sulfate and glucuronide were predominately of adrenal origin. Our findings also show that NADT failed to completely suppress DHEA-sulfate levels and that two unappreciated sources of intratumoral androgens that were not suppressed by leuprolide acetate alone were 5-adiol-sulfate and epi-AST-sulfate of adrenal origin.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1530\/erc-17-0107","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,29]],"date-time":"2017-06-29T20:55:21Z","timestamp":1498769721000},"page":"393-404","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/crossmarkpolicy-1","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Testicular vs adrenal sources of hydroxy-androgens in prostate cancer"],"prefix":"10.1530","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Tianzhu","family":"Zang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary-Ellen","family":"Taplin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Tamae","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wanling","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Clementina","family":"Mesaros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhenwei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Glenn","family":"Bubley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruce","family":"Montgomery","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven P","family":"Balk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elahe A","family":"Mostaghel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ian A","family":"Blair","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Trevor M","family":"Penning","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"416","reference":[{"key":"ref111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1177\/1756287210375270","article-title":"Hormone therapy in the management of prostate cancer: evidence-based approaches","volume":"2","year":"2010","journal-title":"Therapeutic Advances in Urology"},{"key":"ref101","first-page":"52","article-title":"Effective testosterone suppression for prostate cancer: is there a best castration therapy?","volume":"11","year":"2009","journal-title":"Reviews in Urology"},{"key":"ref91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.4103\/0971-5851.81890","article-title":"Abiraterone acetate, an inhibitor of adrenal androgen synthesis in \u2018hormone refractory prostate cancer\u2019","volume":"32","year":"2011","journal-title":"Indian Journal of Medical and Paediatric Oncology"},{"key":"ref441","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1038\/nrclinonc.2014.72","article-title":"Evolution of androgen receptor targeted therapy for advanced prostate cancer","volume":"11","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology"},{"key":"ref281","first-page":"1","article-title":"PerlmutterMALeporH Androgen deprivation therapy in the treatment of advanced prostate cancer in Supplement","year":"2007","journal-title":"Reviews Urology"},{"key":"ref251","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"778","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2011.04316.x","article-title":"Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis of human adrenal vein corticosteroids before and after adrenocorticotropic hormone stimulation","volume":"76","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clinical Endocrinology"},{"key":"ref271","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1530\/ERC-14-0109","article-title":"Androgen biosynthesis in castration - 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