{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T23:42:09Z","timestamp":1790379729033,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Bioscientifica","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":["erc.bioscientifica.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Neuroendocrine carcinomas (NEC) are aggressive malignant diseases. Etoposide-based rechallenge (EBR) and the prognostic role of RB transcriptional corepressor 1 (RB1) status in second-line chemotherapy (2L) have not been studied. The objectives of this study were to report the results of 2L including EBR as well as prognostic factors in a national retrospective multicentre study. NEC patients treated with 2L and further, with tissue samples available, were included. RB1 status and morphological classification were reviewed centrally. Among the 121 NEC patients (40% female, median age 61 years) included, there were 73 small-cell NEC (60%), 34 large-cell NEC (28%) and 14 NEC (not otherwise specified, 12%). Primary sites were lung (39%), gastroenteropancreatic (36%), other (13%) and unknown (12%). Median Ki-67 index was 80%. Median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) under 2L were 2.1 and 6.2 months, respectively. No difference was observed between patients who received an \u2018adenocarcinoma-like\u2019 or a \u2018neuroendocrine-like\u2019 2L or according to the RB1 status. Thoracic NEC primary was the only adverse prognostic factor for OS. EBR, administered to 31 patients, resulted in a 62% disease control rate with a median PFS and OS of 3.2 and 11.7 months, respectively. In the 94 patients with a relapse-free interval of \u22653 months after first-line platinum\u2013etoposide chemotherapy, the median OS was 12 months in patients who received EBR as compared to 5.9 months in patients who did not (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.043). EBR could be the best 2L option for patient with initial response to first-line platinum\u2013etoposide lasting at least 3 months. RB1 status does not provide prognostic information in this setting.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1530\/erc-22-0102","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,29]],"date-time":"2022-06-29T10:19:25Z","timestamp":1656497965000},"page":"569-580","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/crossmarkpolicy-8","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Second-line treatment and prognostic factors in neuroendocrine carcinoma: the RBNEC study"],"prefix":"10.1530","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1276-3289","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Julien","family":"Hadoux","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Oncologie Endocrinienne, D\u00e9partement d\u2019Imagerie, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Walter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service d\u2019Oncologie, ENETS Centre of Excellence, Hospices Civils de Lyon et Universit\u00e9 de Lyon, Lyon, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9007-8869","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Christina","family":"Kanaan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de Pathologie, D\u00e9partement de Biologie et Pathologie M\u00e9dicale, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0869-3003","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"S\u00e9gol\u00e8ne","family":"Hescot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"D\u00e9partement d\u2019Oncologie, Institut Curie, Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincent","family":"Hautefeuille","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service d\u2019H\u00e9pato-gastro-ent\u00e9rologie et Canc\u00e9rologie Digestive, CHU Amiens Picardie, Amiens, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marine","family":"Perrier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"D\u00e9partement d\u2019H\u00e9pato-gastro-ent\u00e9rologie, CHU de Reims, Reims, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Igor","family":"Tauveron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service d'Endocrinologie, Diab\u00e9tologie et Maladies M\u00e9taboliques, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France"},{"name":"Laboratoire GReD, Universit\u00e9 Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandrine","family":"Laboureau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"D\u00e9partement d\u2019Endocrinologie-Diab\u00e9tologie-Nutrition, CHU d\u2019Angers, Angers Cedex 9, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christine","family":"Do Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CHU de Lille, Service d\u2019Endocrinologie, Lille, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caroline","family":"Petorin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Service de Chirurgie Digestive et H\u00e9patobiliaire, Clermont-Ferrand, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Odile","family":"Blanchet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CRB, CHU d\u2019Angers, Angers Cedex 9, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthieu","family":"Faron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"D\u00e9partement de Chirurgie, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emmanuelle","family":"Leteurtre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CANTHER - 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