{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T01:41:17Z","timestamp":1791942077117,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":105,"publisher":"Bioscientifica","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":["erc.bioscientifica.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Parathyroid carcinoma is one of the least common endocrine malignancies and accounts for approximately 1% of all patients with primary hyperparathyroidism. A systematic review of peer-reviewed literature published between January 2000 and March 2022 via Medline, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, EudraCT, ClinicalTrials.gov, CINAHL and SCOPUS was conducted. Manuscripts were eligible if they included data on adult non-pregnant populations with parathyroid carcinoma. No restrictions regarding interventions, comparators or duration of follow-up were imposed. Single case reports, reviews or meta-analyses were excluded. Outcomes of interest were molecular pathogenesis, clinical presentation, differential diagnosis, treatment, follow-up and overall survival. Study quality was evaluated using the Newcastle\u2013Ottawa Scale for observational studies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    This review included 75 studies from 17 countries, reporting on more than 3000 patients with parathyroid carcinoma.\n                    <jats:italic>CDC73<\/jats:italic>\n                    mutation has been recognised as playing a pivotal role in molecular pathogenesis. Parathyroid carcinoma typically presents with markedly increased calcium and parathyroid hormone levels. The most frequently described symptoms were bone and muscle pain or weakness.\n                    <jats:italic>En bloc<\/jats:italic>\n                    resection remains the gold standard for the surgical approach. The 5-year overall survival ranged from 60 to 93%, with resistant hypercalcaemia a significant cause of mortality. Emerging evidence indicating that targeted therapy, based on molecular biomarkers, presents a novel treatment option. The rarity of PC and need for personalised treatment warrant multidisciplinary management in a \u2018centre of excellence\u2019 with a track record in PC management.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1530\/erc-22-0287","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,9]],"date-time":"2023-01-09T06:41:29Z","timestamp":1673246489000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/crossmarkpolicy-8","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":84,"title":["Diagnosis and management of parathyroid carcinoma: a state-of-the-art review"],"prefix":"10.1530","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Pia","family":"Roser","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology ASO\/EASO COM, King\u2032s College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK"},{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bianca M","family":"Leca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudia","family":"Coelho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Klaus-Martin","family":"Schulte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrine Surgery, King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK"},{"name":"Academic Department of Surgery, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jackie","family":"Gilbert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology ASO\/EASO COM, King\u2032s College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eftychia E","family":"Drakou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Oncology, Guy's Cancer Centre - Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christos","family":"Kosmas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology-Hematopoietic Cell Transplant Unit, Metaxa Memorial Cancer Hospital, Piraeus, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ling","family":"Ling Chuah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology ASO\/EASO COM, King\u2032s College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Husam","family":"Wassati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, King\u2019s College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Princess Royal University Hospital, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander D","family":"Miras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Investigative Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Imperial College London, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James","family":"Crane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology ASO\/EASO COM, King\u2032s College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simon J B","family":"Aylwin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology ASO\/EASO COM, King\u2032s College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1176-6186","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ashley B","family":"Grossman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Green Templeton College, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK"},{"name":"Centre for Endocrinology, William Harvey Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine, London, UK"},{"name":"Neuroendocrine Tumour Unit, Royal Free Hospital, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6662-804X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Georgios K","family":"Dimitriadis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology ASO\/EASO COM, King\u2032s College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK"},{"name":"Obesity T2D and Immunometabolism Research Group, Faculty of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine & Sciences, King's College London, London, UK"},{"name":"Division of Biomedical Sciences - Reproductive Health, Clinical Sciences Research Laboratories, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"416","reference":[{"key":"bib1","series-title":"Oncologist","first-page":"61","article-title":"Parathyroid carcinoma: current understanding and new insights into gene expression and intraoperative parathyroid hormone kinetics","volume":"15","author":"Adam","year":"2010","unstructured":"Adam MAUntch BROlson JA2010Parathyroid carcinoma: current understanding and new insights into gene expression and intraoperative parathyroid hormone kinetics. 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(https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.suronc.2014.03.005)24742584"},{"key":"bib88","series-title":"Hormones","first-page":"189","article-title":"Seven cases of parathyroid carcinoma and review of the literature","volume":"20","year":"2021","unstructured":"Apayd\u0131n T & Yavuz DG2021Seven cases of parathyroid carcinoma and review of the literature. Hormones (Athens) 20189\u2013195. (https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s42000-020-00220-y)32578053"},{"key":"bib3","series-title":"Annals of Surgical Oncology","first-page":"3990","article-title":"Parathyroid carcinoma: an update on treatment outcomes and prognostic factors from the national cancer data base (NCDB)","volume":"22","author":"Asare","year":"2015","unstructured":"Asare EASturgeon CWinchester DJLiu LPalis BPerrier NDEvans DBWinchester DPWang TS2015Parathyroid carcinoma: an update on treatment outcomes and prognostic factors from the national cancer data base (NCDB). Annals of Surgical Oncology223990\u20133995. 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