{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T22:43:18Z","timestamp":1792190598703,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Bioscientifica","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":["erc.bioscientifica.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The fifth edition of the Classification of Endocrine and Neuroendocrine Tumors has been released by the World Health Organization. This timely publication integrates several changes to the nomenclature of non-neoplastic and neoplastic thyroid diseases, as well as novel concepts that are essential for patient management. The heterogeneous group of non-neoplastic and benign neoplastic lesions are now collectively termed as \u2018thyroid follicular nodular disease\u2019 to better reflect the clonal and non-clonal proliferations that clinically present as multinodular goiter. Thyroid neoplasms originating from follicular cells are distinctly divided into benign, low-risk and malignant neoplasms. The new classification scheme stresses that papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) should be subtyped based on histomorphologic features irrespective of tumor size to avoid treating all sub-centimeter\/small lesions as low-risk disease. Formerly known as the cribriform-morular variant of PTC is redefined as cribriform-morular thyroid carcinoma since this tumor is now considered a distinct malignant thyroid neoplasm of uncertain histogenesis. The \u2018differentiated high-grade thyroid carcinoma\u2019 is a new diagnostic category including PTCs, follicular thyroid carcinomas and oncocytic carcinomas with high-grade features associated with poorer prognosis similar to the traditionally defined poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma as per Turin criteria. In addition, squamous cell carcinoma of the thyroid is now considered a morphologic pattern\/subtype of anaplastic thyroid carcinoma. In this review, we will highlight the key changes in the newly devised fifth edition of the WHO classification scheme of thyroid tumors with reflections on its applicability in patient management and future directions in this field.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1530\/erc-22-0293","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,24]],"date-time":"2022-11-24T12:18:07Z","timestamp":1669292287000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/crossmarkpolicy-8","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":131,"title":["The 2022 WHO classification of thyroid tumors: novel concepts in nomenclature and grading"],"prefix":"10.1530","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5945-9081","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"C","family":"Christofer Juhlin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Pathology and Cancer Diagnostics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0469-2801","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ozgur","family":"Mete","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada"},{"name":"Endocrine Oncology Site, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9342-3069","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Zubair W","family":"Baloch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"416","reference":[{"key":"bib1","series-title":"Modern Pathology","first-page":"1690","article-title":"Grading of medullary thyroid carcinoma on the basis of tumor necrosis and high mitotic rate is an independent predictor of poor outcome","volume":"33","author":"Alzumaili","year":"2020","unstructured":"Alzumaili BXu BSpanheimer PMTuttle RMSherman EKatabi NDogan SGanly IUntch BRGhossein RA2020Grading of medullary thyroid carcinoma on the basis of tumor necrosis and high mitotic rate is an independent predictor of poor outcome. 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