{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T05:28:33Z","timestamp":1788413313921,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Bioscientifica","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,1]],"date-time":"2022-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669852800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["etj.bioscientifica.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Thyroid hormone replacement in central hypothyroidism (CHT) is more difficult than in primary hypothyroidism (PHT), putting patients at risk for inappropriate substitution. In this study, we compared the dosage of thyroid hormone replacement in patients with CHT with that of patients with PHT. In addition, we explored and compared quality of life (QoL) between both groups, based on two questionnaires, the SF-36 health score and the thyroid-specific ThyPRO score.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This is a monocentric, cross-sectional study, performed at the Ghent University Hospital (Belgium). We included 82 patients in total, 41 patients with CHT and 41 patients with PHT. At the time of inclusion, all patients had to have a stable dose of levothyroxine over the past 6 months and patients with PHT needed to be euthyroid (defined as having a thyroid-stimulating hormone level within the reference range, 0.2\u20134.5 mU\/L). All data were retrieved from medical files, and questionnaires on QoL were self-administered.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The CHT and PHT groups were comparable regarding age and BMI. There was no significant difference between both groups regarding total daily dose of levothyroxine (100 (93.75\u2013125.00) vs 107.14 (75.00\u2013133.93) \u03bcg in CHT and PHT, respectively;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.87) or daily dose of levothyroxine per kg body weight (1.34 (1.16\u20131.55) vs 1.55 (1.16\u20131.82) \u03bcg\/kg, respectively;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.13). Serum levels of fT4 (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.20) and fT3 (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.10) also did not differ between the two groups and both were in the normal (mid)range for the two groups. Regarding QoL, patients with CHT scored worse in terms of depressive and emotional symptoms, impaired daily and social life.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We could demonstrate a difference in QoL between patients with CHT and PHT. Although patients with CHT had a somewhat lower levothyroxine substitution dose than patients with PHT, this difference was also not significant and probably does not explain the difference in QoL.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1530\/etj-21-0128","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,7]],"date-time":"2022-10-07T10:21:39Z","timestamp":1665138099000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/crossmarkpolicy-16","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Central hypothyroidism: are patients undertreated?"],"prefix":"10.1530","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9500-608X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Joke","family":"Marlier","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guy","family":"T\u2019Sjoen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine & Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean","family":"Kaufman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine & Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruno","family":"Lapauw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine & Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"416","reference":[{"key":"bib1","series-title":"European Thyroid Journal","first-page":"225","article-title":"2018 European Thyroid Association (ETA) guidelines on the diagnosis and management of central hypothyroidism","volume":"7","author":"Persani","year":"2018","unstructured":"Persani LBrabant GDattani MBonomi MFeldt-Rasmussen UFliers EGruters AMaiter DSchoenmakers Nvan Trotsenburg ASP. 2018 European Thyroid Association (ETA) guidelines on the diagnosis and management of central hypothyroidism. 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(https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(1630053-8)"},{"key":"bib4","series-title":"Thyroid","first-page":"821","article-title":"Impact of a forced dose-equivalent levothyroxine brand switch on plasma thyrotropin: a cohort study","volume":"30","author":"Flinterman","year":"2020","unstructured":"Flinterman LEKuiper JGKorevaar JCVan Dijk LHek KHouben EHerings RFranken AAMde Graaf JPHorikx AImpact of a forced dose-equivalent levothyroxine brand switch on plasma thyrotropin: a cohort study. Thyroid202030821\u2013828. (https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/thy.2019.0414)"},{"key":"bib5","series-title":"Medical Care","first-page":"473","article-title":"The MOS 36-item short-form health survey (Sf-36): I. Conceptual framework and item selection","volume":"30","author":"Ware","year":"1992","unstructured":"Ware JESherbourne CD. The MOS 36-item short-form health survey (Sf-36): I. Conceptual framework and item selection. Medical Care199230473\u2013483."},{"key":"bib6","series-title":"European Journal of Endocrinology","first-page":"1","article-title":"Clinical and hormonal characteristics of central hypothyroidism at diagnosis and during follow-up in adult patients","volume":"150","author":"Alexopoulou","year":"2004","unstructured":"Alexopoulou OBelguin CDe Nayer PMaiter D. Clinical and hormonal characteristics of central hypothyroidism at diagnosis and during follow-up in adult patients. European Journal of Endocrinology20041501\u20138. (https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/eje.0.1500001)"},{"key":"bib7","series-title":"Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism","first-page":"3708","article-title":"The thyroid-related quality of life measure ThyPRO has good responsiveness and ability to detect relevant treatment effects","volume":"99","author":"Watt","year":"2014","unstructured":"Watt TCramon PHeged\u00fcs LBjorner JBBonnema SJRasmussen \u00c5KFeldt-Rasmussen UGroenvold M. 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(https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4158\/EP12280.GL)"},{"key":"bib12","series-title":"Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism","first-page":"3888","article-title":"Hormonal replacement in hypopituitarism in adults: an endocrine society clinical practice guideline","volume":"101","author":"Fleseriu","year":"2016","unstructured":"Fleseriu MHashim IAKaravitaki NMelmed SMurad MHSalvatori RSamuels MHSamuels MH. Hormonal replacement in hypopituitarism in adults: an endocrine society clinical practice guideline. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism20161013888\u20133921. (https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/jc.2016-2118)"},{"key":"bib13","series-title":"Thyroid","first-page":"81","article-title":"Thyroid hormone levels affected by time of blood sampling in thyroxine- treated patients","volume":"3","author":"Ain","year":"1993","unstructured":"Ain KBPucino FShiver TMBanks SM. Thyroid hormone levels affected by time of blood sampling in thyroxine- treated patients. Thyroid1993381\u201385. 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