{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T15:54:21Z","timestamp":1787759661814,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":100,"publisher":"Bioscientifica","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,27]],"date-time":"2024-02-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1708992000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["etj.bioscientifica.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,27]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Obesity is associated with increased thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) in non-pregnant subjects, but this phenomenon has not been fully characterized during pregnancy. Our aim was to evaluate the impact of BMI on first-trimester TSH in a wide cohort of pregnant women with negative anti-thyroperoxidase antibodies (AbTPO) and its implications on uterine artery pulsatility index (UtA-PI), a marker of early placentation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study included 2268 AbTPO-negative pregnant women at their first antenatal visit. Anamnestic data, BMI, TSH, anti-nuclear antibody (ANA) and extractable nuclear antigen (ENA) positivity and mean UtA-PI were collected.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 1693 women had normal weight, 435 were overweight and 140 were obese. Maternal age, ANA\/ENA positivity, history of autoimmune diseases and familiar history of thyroid diseases were similar in the three groups. TSH was significantly higher in obese women (1.8 (IQR: 1.4\u20132.4) mU\/L) when compared to normal weight (1.6 (IQR: 1.2\u20132.2) mU\/L) and overweight (median: 1.6 (IQR: 1.2\u20132.2) mU\/L) ones (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001). BMI was significantly related with the risk of having a TSH level \u22654 mU\/L at logistic regression, independently from non-thyroid autoimmunity, smoking or familiar predisposition for thyroid diseases (OR: 1.125, 95% CI: 1.080\u20131.172,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001). A restricted cubic splines regression showed a non-linear relationship between BMI and TSH. Women with a TSH \u22654 mU\/L had a higher UtA-PI, independently from BMI.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Overweight\/obesity is significantly related with TSH serum levels in AbTPO-negative pregnant women, independently from the other risk factors for hypothyroidism during pregnancy. The increase of TSH levels could be clinically relevant, as suggested by its association with abnormal UtA-PI, a surrogate marker of abnormal placentation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1530\/etj-23-0213","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,27]],"date-time":"2024-02-27T16:08:46Z","timestamp":1709050126000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/crossmarkpolicy-16","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Relationship between maternal obesity and first-trimester TSH in women with negative anti-TPO antibodies"],"prefix":"10.1530","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Laura","family":"Croce","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, Pavia (PV), Italy"},{"name":"Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Unit of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Laboratory for Endocrine Disruptors, Pavia (PV), Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fausta","family":"Beneventi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IRCCS Foundation Policlinico San Matteo, University of Pavia, Pavia (PV), Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Federica","family":"Ripepi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, Pavia (PV), Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irene","family":"De Maggio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IRCCS Foundation Policlinico San Matteo, University of Pavia, Pavia (PV), Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alberto","family":"Malovini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Laboratory of Informatics and Systems Engineering for Clinical Research, Pavia (PV), Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Camilla","family":"Bellingeri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IRCCS Foundation Policlinico San Matteo, University of Pavia, Pavia (PV), Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Coperchini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, Pavia (PV), Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marsida","family":"Teliti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, Pavia (PV), Italy"},{"name":"Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Unit of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Laboratory for Endocrine Disruptors, Pavia (PV), Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mario","family":"Rotondi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, Pavia (PV), Italy"},{"name":"Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Unit of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Laboratory for Endocrine Disruptors, Pavia (PV), Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arsenio","family":"Spinillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IRCCS Foundation Policlinico San Matteo, University of Pavia, Pavia (PV), Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4846-9847","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Flavia","family":"Magri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, Pavia (PV), Italy"},{"name":"Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Unit of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Laboratory for Endocrine Disruptors, Pavia (PV), Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"416","reference":[{"key":"bib1","series-title":"Thyroid","first-page":"315","article-title":"2017 Guidelines of the American Thyroid Association for the diagnosis and management of thyroid disease during pregnancy and the postpartum","volume":"27","author":"Alexander","year":"2017","unstructured":"Alexander EKPearce ENBrent GABrown RSChen HDosiou CGrobman WALaurberg PLazarus JHMandel SJ, et al.2017 Guidelines of the American Thyroid Association for the diagnosis and management of thyroid disease during pregnancy and the postpartum. 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