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This rarity has markedly limited the availability of prospective trial results, and no standard chemotherapeutic option for unresectable or metastatic anaplastic thyroid cancer has yet been established. Nevertheless, combination therapy with a BRAF inhibitor and MEK inhibitor has shown encouraging efficacy in patients with BRAF V600E-mutated anaplastic thyroid cancer. Other novel treatments such as immune checkpoint inhibitors have also shown promising results. Owing to these therapeutic advances, the prognosis of anaplastic thyroid cancer appears to be gradually improving. However, further development of novel treatments for this rare malignancy requires the development of substantial infrastructure for international collaborative study.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1530\/etj-24-0287","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,31]],"date-time":"2025-03-31T15:01:17Z","timestamp":1743433277000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/crossmarkpolicy-17","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Anticancer drug therapy for anaplastic thyroid cancer"],"prefix":"10.1530","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8021-6116","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Naomi","family":"Kiyota","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology\/Hematology, Kobe University Hospital 1 , ,","place":["Kobe, Japan"]},{"name":"Kobe University Hospital Cancer Center 2 , ,","place":["Kobe, 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