{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T22:11:06Z","timestamp":1790806266144,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"Bioscientifica","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":["jme.bioscientifica.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    miR-132 is hormonally regulated in steroidogenic cells of the adrenal gland, ovary and testis. Here, we examined the potential role of miR-132 in the control of steroidogenesis. Transfection of Y1 adrenal cells with miR-132 increased mRNAs of 3\u03b2-HSD and 20\u03b1-HSD enzymes, which catalyze the sequential conversion of pregnenolone to progesterone to biologically inactive 20\u03b1-hydroxyprogesterone (20\u03b1-OHP). Overexpression of miR-132 reduced MeCP2 and StAR protein expression, basal progestin (progesterone and 20\u03b1-OHP) production, but enhanced their production in response to cAMP stimulation. Use of [\n                    <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                    H] pregnenolone and free-diffusible 22(R)-hydroxycholesterol further confirmed that miR-132 promotes the production of 20\u03b1-OHP by upregulating 3\u03b2-HSD and 20\u03b1-HSD. Evidence is also presented that StAR is a direct target of miR-132. Transient transfection of Y1 cells with miR-132 demonstrated that miR-132 induction of 3\u03b2-HSD and 20\u03b1-HSD was accompanied by significant suppression of one of its target gene products, MeCP2. In contrast, co-expression of miR-132 plus MeCP2 protein partially blocked the ability of miR-132 to upregulate the expression and function of 3\u03b2-HSD and 20\u03b1-HSD. Moreover, suppression of MeCP2 protein with siRNA resulted in increased expression of 3\u03b2-HSD and 20\u03b1-HSD, further demonstrating that miR-132 induces the expression of these two enzymes via inhibition of MeCP2. Likewise, overexpression of miR-132 increased 20\u03b1-OHP production with and without HDL loading, while knockdown of miR-132 resulted in a significant decrease of 20\u03b1-OHP production by granulosa cells. In conclusion, our data suggest that miR-132 attenuates steroidogenesis by repressing StAR expression and inducing 20\u03b1-HSD via inhibition of MeCP2 to generate a biologically inactive 20\u03b1-OHP.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1530\/jme-17-0011","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,20]],"date-time":"2017-07-20T20:40:18Z","timestamp":1500583218000},"page":"269-283","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/crossmarkpolicy-6","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["Regulation of adrenal and ovarian steroidogenesis by miR-132"],"prefix":"10.1530","volume":"59","author":[{"given":"Zhigang","family":"Hu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California, USA"},{"name":"2Division of Endocrinology, Gerontology and Metabolism, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wen-Jun","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California, USA"},{"name":"2Division of Endocrinology, Gerontology and Metabolism, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fredric B","family":"Kraemer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California, USA"},{"name":"2Division of Endocrinology, Gerontology and Metabolism, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Salman","family":"Azhar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California, USA"},{"name":"2Division of Endocrinology, Gerontology and Metabolism, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"416","reference":[{"key":"2017081017102091000_59.3.269.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature02871"},{"key":"2017081017102091000_59.3.269.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.272.51.32656"},{"key":"2017081017102091000_59.3.269.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1616","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2275(20)32191-X","article-title":"Simultaneous induction of an HDL receptor protein (SR-BI) and the selective uptake of HDL-cholesteryl esters in a physiologically relevant steroiodgenic cell model","volume":"39","author":"Azhar","year":"1998","journal-title":"Journal of Lipid Research"},{"key":"2017081017102091000_59.3.269.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"861","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2275(20)30459-4","article-title":"Hormonal regulation of adrenal microvillar channel formation","volume":"43","author":"Azhar","year":"2002","journal-title":"Journal of Lipid Research"},{"key":"2017081017102091000_59.3.269.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2009.01.002"},{"key":"2017081017102091000_59.3.269.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.cellbio.23.090506.123406"},{"key":"2017081017102091000_59.3.269.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0404432101"},{"key":"2017081017102091000_59.3.269.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2007.05.017"},{"key":"2017081017102091000_59.3.269.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/S1388-1981(00)00147-5","article-title":"Steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR) and the intramitochondrial translocation of cholesterol","volume":"1529","author":"Christenson","year":"2000","journal-title":"Biochimica et Biophysica Acta"},{"key":"2017081017102091000_59.3.269.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0511041103"},{"key":"2017081017102091000_59.3.269.11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19739","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)55054-7","article-title":"Regulation of steroid hormone biosynthesis. 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