{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T14:18:08Z","timestamp":1784557088239,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":101,"publisher":"Bioscientifica","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":["jme.bioscientifica.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Thyroid hormones (THs) classically regulate the gene expression by transcriptional mechanisms. In pituitary, the encoding genes for growth hormone (GH) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) are examples of genes regulated by triiodothyronine (T\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) in a positive and negative way, respectively. Recent studies have shown a rapid adjustment of GH and TSH synthesis\/secretion induced by T\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    posttranscriptional actions. In somatotrophs, T\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    promotes an increase in\n                    <jats:italic>Gh<\/jats:italic>\n                    mRNA content, poly(A) tail length and binding to the ribosome, associated with a rearrangement of actin cytoskeleton. In thyrotrophs, T\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    reduces\n                    <jats:italic>Tshb<\/jats:italic>\n                    mRNA content, poly(A) tail length and its association with the ribosome. In parallel, it promotes a redistribution of TSH secretory granules to more distal regions of the cell periphery, indicating a rapid effect of T\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    inhibition of TSH secretion. T\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    was shown to affect the content of tubulin and the polymerization of actin and tubulin cytoskeletons in the whole anterior pituitary gland, and to increase intracellular alpha (CGA) content. This review summarizes genomic and non-genomic\/posttranscriptional actions of TH on the regulation of several steps of GH and TSH synthesis and secretion. These distinct mechanisms induced by T\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    can occur simultaneously, even though non-genomic effects are promptly elicited and precede the genomic actions, coexisting in a functional network within the cells.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1530\/jme-17-0068","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,26]],"date-time":"2017-09-26T20:20:17Z","timestamp":1506457217000},"page":"R167-R178","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/crossmarkpolicy-1","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Novel aspects of T3 actions on GH and TSH synthesis and secretion: physiological implications"],"prefix":"10.1530","volume":"59","author":[{"given":"P","family":"Bargi-Souza","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F","family":"Goulart-Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M T","family":"Nunes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"416","reference":[{"key":"2017101717104583000_59.4.R167.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI5205"},{"key":"2017101717104583000_59.4.R167.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/me.2003-0109"},{"key":"2017101717104583000_59.4.R167.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(00)81089-2"},{"key":"2017101717104583000_59.4.R167.4","first-page":"F179","article-title":"Modulation of membrane traffic by mechanical stimuli","volume":"282","author":"Apodaca","year":"2002","journal-title":"American Journal of Physiology: Renal Physiology"},{"key":"2017101717104583000_59.4.R167.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s002230001171"},{"key":"2017101717104583000_59.4.R167.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2013-1508"},{"key":"2017101717104583000_59.4.R167.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2015.04.002","article-title":"T3 rapidly regulates several steps of alpha subunit glycoprotein (CGA) synthesis and secretion in the pituitary of male rats: potential repercussions on TSH, FSH and LH secretion.","volume":"409","author":"Bargi-Souza","year":"2015","journal-title":"Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology"},{"key":"2017101717104583000_59.4.R167.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1590\/S0004-27302004000100005","article-title":"Molecular mechanism of thyroid hormone action","volume":"48","author":"Barra","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arquivos Brasileiros de Endocrinologia and Metabologia"},{"key":"2017101717104583000_59.4.R167.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.18-01-00251.1998","article-title":"Sorting of beta-actin mRNA and protein to neurites and growth cones in culture","volume":"18","author":"Bassell","year":"1998","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"2017101717104583000_59.4.R167.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2005-0102"},{"key":"2017101717104583000_59.4.R167.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yexcr.2006.01.010"},{"key":"2017101717104583000_59.4.R167.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10408440601123529"},{"key":"2017101717104583000_59.4.R167.13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6886","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)83514-1","article-title":"Thyroid hormone regulation of the rat glycoprotein hormone alpha-subunit gene promoter activity","volume":"264","author":"Burnside","year":"1989","journal-title":"Journal of Biological Chemistry"},{"key":"2017101717104583000_59.4.R167.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/bst024189s"},{"key":"2017101717104583000_59.4.R167.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/BJ20090643"},{"key":"2017101717104583000_59.4.R167.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2010.06.001"},{"key":"2017101717104583000_59.4.R167.17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"981","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)75737-8","article-title":"Isolation and characterization of the rat thyrotropin beta-subunit gene. 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