{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,4]],"date-time":"2026-11-04T20:30:37Z","timestamp":1793824237278,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Bioscientifica","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":["jme.bioscientifica.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>NETosis, a novel form of neutrophil-related cell death, acts as a major regulator of diabetes and diabetes-associated complications. In this review, we show that the extrusion of neutrophil extracellular traps, termed NETs, plays an important role in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and diabetes-induced complications. In T1DM, \u03b2-cell death induces the sequestration of neutrophils in the pancreas and seems to be correlated with increased NETosis. In T2DM patients, products of NETs release are significantly elevated. Increased levels of dsDNA are correlated with the presence of cardiovascular disease and diabetic kidney disease, further supporting the role of NETosis in the pathogenesis of other diabetes-induced complications such as impaired wound healing and diabetic retinopathy. NETosis is induced by high glucose through incompletely understood mechanisms, but it also appears to be elevated in patients with diabetes who have tightly controlled glucose levels. We hypothesize that hyperglycemia worsens the already elevated baseline of NETosis in diabetic patients to further increase its detrimental effects.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1530\/jme-20-0128","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,4]],"date-time":"2020-09-04T11:16:28Z","timestamp":1599218188000},"page":"R65-R76","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/crossmarkpolicy-6","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":115,"title":["NETosis contributes to the pathogenesis of diabetes and its complications"],"prefix":"10.1530","volume":"65","author":[{"given":"Rachel","family":"Njeim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon"},{"name":"2AUB Diabetes, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William S","family":"Azar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon"},{"name":"2AUB Diabetes, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon"},{"name":"3Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, District of Colombia, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angie H","family":"Fares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon"},{"name":"2AUB Diabetes, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sami T","family":"Azar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2AUB Diabetes, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon"},{"name":"4Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hala","family":"Kfoury Kassouf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"5Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Assaad A","family":"Eid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon"},{"name":"2AUB Diabetes, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"416","container-title":["Journal of Molecular Endocrinology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/jme.bioscientifica.com\/view\/journals\/jme\/65\/4\/JME-20-0128.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/jme.bioscientifica.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/jme\/65\/4\/JME-20-0128.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T13:53:56Z","timestamp":1784555636000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/journals.bioscientifica.com\/jme\/article\/65\/4\/R65-R76\/14412"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/jme-20-0128","relation":{},"ISSN":["0952-5041","1479-6813"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0952-5041","type":"print"},{"value":"1479-6813","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]}}}