{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,13]],"date-time":"2026-09-13T23:47:41Z","timestamp":1789343261195,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Bioscientifica","issue":"3","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100017950","name":"Shanghai Municipal Health Commission","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["202140504"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202140504"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100017950","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100031912","name":"Shanghai Stomatological Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["SSH-2024-C01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SSH-2024-C01"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100031912","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100031912","name":"Shanghai Stomatological Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["SSH-2022-KJCX-B05"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SSH-2022-KJCX-B05"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100031912","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.bioscientifica.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) play an important role in bone regeneration, but their functional activity is affected by oxidative stress, which is a key pathological feature of osteoporosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of capsaicin on the proliferation and differentiation of BMSCs under oxidative stress. We assessed cell viability and osteogenic potential of capsaicin in promoting BMSC survival and enhancing osteogenic capacity under oxidative stress by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), reactive oxygen species fluorescence staining, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining, Alizarin Red S (ARS) staining, Western blot (WB), and real-time PCR (RT-PCR). Our results indicate that capsaicin improves cell viability, antioxidant capacity, and osteogenic differentiation in rat BMSCs treated with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). In addition, immunohistochemistry (IHC) analysis revealed that the surface of BMSCs expressed the capsaicin receptor transient receptor potential vanilloid protein 1 (TRPV1). More importantly, capsaicin increased Ca2+ influx and autophagy and inhibited phosphorylation of the PI3K\/AKT\/mTOR signaling pathway. In conclusion, capsaicin protects BMSC function during oxidative stress, possibly through inducing TRPV1-mediated Ca2+ influx and PI3K\/AKT\/mTOR-activated autophagy. The results suggest the potential of capsaicin as a therapeutic agent for osteoporosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1530\/jme-25-0063","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,16]],"date-time":"2025-09-16T16:43:07Z","timestamp":1758040987000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/crossmarkpolicy-6","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Capsaicin-activated autophagy protects BMSC function under oxidative stress: mechanisms and therapeutic implications"],"prefix":"10.1530","volume":"75","author":[{"given":"Yurong","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical College, Anhui University of Science and Technology 1 , ,","place":["Huainan, China"]},{"name":"Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital & School of Stomatology, Fudan University 2 , ,","place":["Shanghai, China"]},{"name":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Craniomaxillofacial Development and Diseases, Fudan University 3 , ,","place":["Shanghai, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qian","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Hubei NO. 3 People\u2019s Hospital of Jianghan University 4 , ,","place":["Wuhan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0082-8196","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Dongmei","family":"Lan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical College, Anhui University of Science and Technology 1 , ,","place":["Huainan, China"]},{"name":"Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital & School of Stomatology, Fudan University 2 , ,","place":["Shanghai, China"]},{"name":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Craniomaxillofacial Development and Diseases, Fudan University 3 , ,","place":["Shanghai, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chao","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical College, Anhui University of Science and Technology 1 , ,","place":["Huainan, China"]},{"name":"Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital & School of Stomatology, Fudan University 2 , ,","place":["Shanghai, China"]},{"name":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Craniomaxillofacial Development and Diseases, Fudan University 3 , ,","place":["Shanghai, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiang","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital & School of Stomatology, Fudan University 2 , ,","place":["Shanghai, China"]},{"name":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Craniomaxillofacial Development and Diseases, Fudan University 3 , ,","place":["Shanghai, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical College, Anhui University of Science and Technology 1 , ,","place":["Huainan, China"]},{"name":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Craniomaxillofacial Development and Diseases, Fudan University 3 , ,","place":["Shanghai, China"]},{"name":"Department of Preventive Dentistry, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital & School of Stomatology, Fudan University 5 , ,","place":["Shanghai, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5015-0662","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Shengcai","family":"Qi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical College, Anhui University of Science and Technology 1 , ,","place":["Huainan, China"]},{"name":"Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital & School of Stomatology, Fudan University 2 , ,","place":["Shanghai, China"]},{"name":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Craniomaxillofacial Development and Diseases, Fudan University 3 , ,","place":["Shanghai, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"416","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026070811353563600_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2023.1269581","article-title":"From imbalance to impairment: the central role of reactive oxygen species in oxidative stress-induced disorders and therapeutic exploration","volume":"14","author":"Afzal","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"key":"2026070811353563600_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"735","DOI":"10.3390\/biom9110735","article-title":"Role of reactive oxygen species in cancer progression: molecular mechanisms and recent advancements","volume":"9","author":"Aggarwal","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biomolecules"},{"key":"2026070811353563600_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-818698-5.00006-7","volume-title":"Aging","author":"Ardura","year":"2020"},{"key":"2026070811353563600_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1550","DOI":"10.1515\/CCLM.2008.302","article-title":"Oxidative stress, free radicals and bone remodeling","volume":"46","author":"Banfi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Chem Lab Med"},{"key":"2026070811353563600_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"966","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules21080966","article-title":"Harnessing the therapeutic potential of capsaicin and its analogues in pain and other diseases","volume":"21","author":"Basith","year":"2016","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"2026070811353563600_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e942485","DOI":"10.12659\/MSM.942485","article-title":"Enhanced bone healing through systemic capsaicin administration: an experimental study on wistar rats","volume":"30","author":"Bing\u00fcl","year":"2024","journal-title":"Med Sci Monit"},{"key":"2026070811353563600_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.3892\/etm.2020.9318","article-title":"Role of osteodensitometry in osteoporosis and osteopenia in psoriatic arthritis","volume":"20","author":"Brihan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Exp Ther Med"},{"key":"2026070811353563600_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1729","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.290.13.1729","article-title":"Effects of estrogen plus progestin on risk of fracture and bone mineral density: the Women\u2019s health initiative randomized trial","volume":"290","author":"Cauley","year":"2003","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2026070811353563600_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1080\/13813455.2019.1669056","article-title":"Capsaicin has potent anti-oxidative effects in vivo through a mechanism which is non-receptor mediated","volume":"128","author":"Chaudhary","year":"2022","journal-title":"Arch Physiol Biochem"},{"key":"2026070811353563600_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2020.12.235","article-title":"Apelin-13 induces mitophagy in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells to suppress intracellular oxidative stress and ameliorate osteoporosis by activation of AMPK signaling pathway","volume":"163","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Free Radic Biol Med"},{"key":"2026070811353563600_bib11","first-page":"105","article-title":"The epidemiology of osteoporosis","volume":"133","author":"Clynes","year":"2020","journal-title":"Br Med Bull"},{"key":"2026070811353563600_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0061020","article-title":"mTOR-controlled autophagy requires intracellular Ca2+ signaling","volume":"8","author":"Decuypere","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2026070811353563600_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(00)00061-2","article-title":"Administration routes and delivery systems of bisphosphonates for the treatment of bone resorption","volume":"42","author":"Ezra","year":"2000","journal-title":"Adv Drug Deliv Rev"},{"key":"2026070811353563600_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1038\/cdd.2014.150","article-title":"Oxidative stress and autophagy: the clash between damage and metabolic needs","volume":"22","author":"Filomeni","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cell Death Differ"},{"key":"2026070811353563600_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1253","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules16021253","article-title":"Chemical and pharmacological aspects of capsaicin","volume":"16","author":"Gonzalez-Mondragon","year":"2011","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"2026070811353563600_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2021.676813","article-title":"Capsaicin potentiates anticancer drug efficacy through autophagy-mediated ribophorin II downregulation and necroptosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma cells","volume":"12","author":"Huang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"key":"2026070811353563600_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2020.598327","article-title":"Ca2+\/calmodulin complex triggers CAMTA transcriptional machinery under stress in plants: signaling cascade and molecular regulation","volume":"11","author":"Iqbal","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Plant Sci"},{"key":"2026070811353563600_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1291","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dental.2019.05.024","article-title":"Ceria-incorporated MTA for accelerating odontoblastic differentiation via ROS downregulation","volume":"35","author":"Jun","year":"2019","journal-title":"Dent Mater"},{"key":"2026070811353563600_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2014.35","article-title":"Autophagy \u2013 a key player in cellular and body metabolism","volume":"10","author":"Kim","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat Rev Endocrinol"},{"key":"2026070811353563600_bib20","first-page":"439860","article-title":"Capsaicin, a TRPV1 ligand, suppresses bone resorption by inhibiting the prostaglandin E production of osteoblasts, and attenuates the inflammatory bone loss induced by lipopolysaccharide","volume":"2012","author":"Kobayashi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int Sch Res Not"},{"key":"2026070811353563600_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2022.938520","article-title":"Tocopherol attenuates the oxidative stress of BMSCs by inhibiting ferroptosis through the PI3k\/AKT\/mTOR pathway","volume":"10","author":"Lan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Bioeng Biotechnol"},{"key":"2026070811353563600_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1530\/JME-22-0086","article-title":"Quercetin protects rat BMSCs from oxidative stress via ferroptosis","volume":"69","author":"Lan","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Mol Endocrinol"},{"key":"2026070811353563600_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.2147\/CIA.S158513","article-title":"Oxidative stress, aging, and diseases","volume":"13","author":"Liguori","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Interv Aging"},{"key":"2026070811353563600_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"786","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.13356","article-title":"Oxidative stress induces imbalance of adipogenic\/osteoblastic lineage commitment in mesenchymal stem cells through decreasing SIRT1 functions","volume":"22","author":"Lin","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Cell Mol Med"},{"key":"2026070811353563600_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.11513","article-title":"Promoting effect of rapamycin on osteogenic differentiation of maxillary sinus membrane stem cells","volume":"9","author":"Lin","year":"2021","journal-title":"PeerJ"},{"key":"2026070811353563600_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2848","DOI":"10.1039\/D0FO00351D","article-title":"Capsaicin \u2013 the major bioactive ingredient of chili peppers: bio-efficacy and delivery systems","volume":"11","author":"Lu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Food Funct"},{"key":"2026070811353563600_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-021-03792-8","article-title":"TRPV1 alleviates osteoarthritis by inhibiting M1 macrophage polarization via Ca2+\/CaMKII\/Nrf2 signaling pathway","volume":"12","author":"Lv","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis"},{"key":"2026070811353563600_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1186\/s13048-018-0409-9","article-title":"Beneficial effects of curcumin and capsaicin on cyclophosphamide-induced premature ovarian failure in a rat model","volume":"11","author":"Melekoglu","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Ovarian Res"},{"key":"2026070811353563600_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.3390\/cells11010018","article-title":"Capsaicin and TRPV1 channels in the cardiovascular system: the role of inflammation","volume":"11","author":"Munjuluri","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"2026070811353563600_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1007\/s12079-020-00592-1","article-title":"A complete map of the calcium\/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase 2 (CAMKK2) signaling pathway","volume":"15","author":"Najar","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Cell Commun Signaling"},{"key":"2026070811353563600_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.285.6.785","article-title":"Osteoporosis prevention, diagnosis, and therapy","volume":"285","author":"NIH Consensus Development Panel on Osteoporosis Prevention, Diagnosis, and Therapy","year":"2001","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2026070811353563600_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17432","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M112.444190","article-title":"Suppression of autophagy in osteocytes mimics skeletal aging","volume":"288","author":"Onal","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"2026070811353563600_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1038","DOI":"10.1002\/med.21945","article-title":"Transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1)-independent actions of capsaicin on cellular excitability and ion transport","volume":"43","author":"Oz","year":"2023","journal-title":"Med Res Rev"},{"key":"2026070811353563600_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2021.659015","article-title":"Capsaicin protects cardiomyocytes against lipopolysaccharide-induced damage via 14-3-3\u03b3-mediated autophagy augmentation","volume":"12","author":"Qiao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"key":"2026070811353563600_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1136\/postgradmedj-2013-132387","article-title":"Mesenchymal stem cells: mechanisms and role in bone regeneration","volume":"90","author":"Qin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Postgrad Med J"},{"key":"2026070811353563600_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1159\/000047804","article-title":"Reactive oxygen species as intracellular messengers during cell growth and differentiation","volume":"11","author":"Sauer","year":"2001","journal-title":"Cell Physiol Biochem"},{"key":"2026070811353563600_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5815","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-016-0129-3","article-title":"Neuroprotection through rapamycin-induced activation of autophagy and PI3K\/Akt1\/mTOR\/CREB signaling against amyloid-\u03b2-induced oxidative stress, synaptic\/neurotransmission dysfunction, and neurodegeneration in adult rats","volume":"54","author":"Singh","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mol Neurobiol"},{"key":"2026070811353563600_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/boneres.2015.3","article-title":"Decreased osteogenesis of adult mesenchymal stem cells by reactive oxygen species under cyclic stretch: a possible mechanism of age related osteoporosis","volume":"3","author":"Tan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Bone Res"},{"key":"2026070811353563600_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.15252\/emmm.201910567","article-title":"Inhibition of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase \u03b1 (PI 3K\u03b1) prevents heterotopic ossification","volume":"11","author":"Valer","year":"2019","journal-title":"EMBO Mol Med"},{"key":"2026070811353563600_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"622","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-56710-0_76","article-title":"Capsaicin, trans-8-methyl-N-vanillyl-6-nonenamid","volume":"1","author":"Waldvogel","year":"2001","journal-title":"Analgetika Antinozizeptiva Adjuvanzien"},{"key":"2026070811353563600_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2491","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-013-2059-2","article-title":"Role of mesenchymal stem cells in bone regeneration and fracture repair: a review","volume":"37","author":"Wang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int Orthop"},{"key":"2026070811353563600_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1089\/scd.2016.0233","article-title":"Tetramethylpyrazine protects against glucocorticoid-induced apoptosis by promoting autophagy in mesenchymal stem cells and improves bone mass in glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis rats","volume":"26","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Stem Cell Dev"},{"key":"2026070811353563600_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2020.173212","article-title":"Pinocembrin alleviates glucocorticoid-induced apoptosis by activating autophagy via suppressing the PI3K\/Akt\/mTOR pathway in osteocytes","volume":"880","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"},{"key":"2026070811353563600_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1946","DOI":"10.3390\/ani12151946","article-title":"Structural and metabolic changes in bone","volume":"12","author":"Wawrzyniak","year":"2022","journal-title":"Animals"},{"key":"2026070811353563600_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e580","DOI":"10.1016\/S2666-7568(21)00172-0","article-title":"Global, regional, and national burden of bone fractures in 204 countries and territories, 1990\u20132019: a systematic analysis from the global burden of disease study 2019","volume":"2","author":"Wu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet Healthy Longevity"},{"key":"2026070811353563600_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/1874985","article-title":"N-acetylcysteine reduces ros-mediated oxidative DNA damage and pi3k\/akt pathway activation induced by Helicobacter pylori infection","volume":"2018","author":"Xie","year":"2018","journal-title":"Oxid Med Cell Longev"},{"key":"2026070811353563600_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cellsig.2020.109733","article-title":"Capsaicin induces mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis in anaplastic thyroid carcinoma cells via TRPV1-mediated mitochondrial calcium overload","volume":"75","author":"Xu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell Signal"},{"key":"2026070811353563600_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2021.02.025","article-title":"Oxidative stress induces downregulation of TP53INP2 and suppresses osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs during osteoporosis through the autophagy degradation pathway","volume":"166","author":"Yang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Free Radic Biol Med"},{"key":"2026070811353563600_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1080\/21505594.2017.1326443","article-title":"PI3K-Akt-mTOR axis sustains rotavirus infection via the 4E-BP1 mediated autophagy pathway and represents an antiviral target","volume":"9","author":"Yin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Virulence"},{"key":"2026070811353563600_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3050","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.137075","article-title":"Proliferation, survival and metabolism: the role of PI3K\/AKT\/mTOR signalling in pluripotency and cell fate determination","volume":"143","author":"Yu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"2026070811353563600_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3289","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21093289","article-title":"Roles of autophagy in oxidative stress","volume":"21","author":"Yun","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"2026070811353563600_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4177","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21114177","article-title":"Calcium entry through TRPV1: a potential target for the regulation of proliferation and apoptosis in cancerous and healthy cells","volume":"21","author":"Zhai","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"2026070811353563600_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.7150\/jca.11291","article-title":"Platycodin-D induced autophagy in non-small cell lung cancer cells via PI3K\/Akt\/mTOR and MAPK signaling pathways","volume":"6","author":"Zhao","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Cancer"},{"key":"2026070811353563600_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2020.00128","article-title":"Dexmedetomidine protects against lipopolysaccharide-induced acute kidney injury by enhancing autophagy through inhibition of the PI3K\/AKT\/mTOR pathway","volume":"11","author":"Zhao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"key":"2026070811353563600_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2761","DOI":"10.1007\/s11010-022-04476-3","article-title":"Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells ameliorate severe acute pancreatitis by inhibiting oxidative stress in rats","volume":"477","author":"Zhao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mol Cell Biochem"},{"key":"2026070811353563600_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1724","DOI":"10.3390\/cells11111724","article-title":"Leonurine protects bone mesenchymal stem cells from oxidative stress by activating mitophagy through PI3K\/Akt\/mTOR pathway","volume":"11","author":"Zhao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"2026070811353563600_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1038\/s41420-024-01855-1","article-title":"Garcinol prevents oxidative stress-induced bone loss and dysfunction of BMSCs through NRF2-antioxidant signaling","volume":"10","author":"Zou","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell Death Discov"}],"container-title":["Journal of Molecular Endocrinology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/jme.bioscientifica.com\/view\/journals\/jme\/75\/3\/JME-25-0063.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/jme.bioscientifica.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/jme\/75\/3\/JME-25-0063.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.bioscientifica.com\/jme\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1530\/JME-25-0063\/247137\/jme-25-0063.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.bioscientifica.com\/jme\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1530\/JME-25-0063\/247137\/jme-25-0063.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T15:35:53Z","timestamp":1783524953000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.bioscientifica.com\/jme\/article\/75\/3\/e250063\/14663\/Capsaicin-activated-autophagy-protects-BMSC"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,16]]},"references-count":57,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/jme-25-0063","relation":{},"ISSN":["1479-6813","0952-5041"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1479-6813","type":"electronic"},{"value":"0952-5041","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,16]]},"article-number":"e250063"}}