{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T15:13:09Z","timestamp":1791299589093,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Bioscientifica","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,27]],"date-time":"2015-05-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1432684800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/deed.en_GB"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["joe.bioscientifica.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Ghrelin, a stomach-derived orexigenic peptide, transmits starvation signals to the hypothalamus via the vagus afferent nerve. Peripheral administration of ghrelin does not induce food intake in high fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice. We investigated whether this ghrelin resistance was caused by dysfunction of the vagus afferent pathway. Administration (s.c.) of ghrelin did not induce food intake, suppression of oxygen consumption, electrical activity of the vagal afferent nerve, phosphorylation of ERK2 and AMP-activated protein kinase alpha in the nodose ganglion, or Fos expression in hypothalamic arcuate nucleus of mice fed a HFD for 12 weeks. Administration of anti-ghrelin IgG did not induce suppression of food intake in HFD-fed mice. Expression levels of ghrelin receptor mRNA in the nodose ganglion and hypothalamus of HFD-fed mice were reduced. Inflammatory responses, including upregulation of macrophage\/microglia markers and inflammatory cytokines, occurred in the nodose ganglion and hypothalamus of HFD-fed mice. A HFD blunted ghrelin signaling in the nodose ganglion via a mechanism involving\n                    <jats:italic>in situ<\/jats:italic>\n                    activation of inflammation. These results indicate that ghrelin resistance in the obese state may be caused by dysregulation of ghrelin signaling via the vagal afferent.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1530\/joe-15-0139","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,27]],"date-time":"2015-05-27T21:52:03Z","timestamp":1432763523000},"page":"81-92","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/crossmarkpolicy-1","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":108,"title":["Diet-induced obesity causes peripheral and central ghrelin resistance by promoting inflammation"],"prefix":"10.1530","volume":"226","author":[{"given":"Farhana","family":"Naznin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Koji","family":"Toshinai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T M Zaved","family":"Waise","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cherl","family":"NamKoong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abu Saleh","family":"Md Moin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hideyuki","family":"Sakoda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masamitsu","family":"Nakazato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"416","reference":[{"key":"2015063019144695000_226.1.81.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2009-0850"},{"key":"2015063019144695000_226.1.81.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2014-1121"},{"key":"2015063019144695000_226.1.81.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2010-0556"},{"key":"2015063019144695000_226.1.81.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2013-1861"},{"key":"2015063019144695000_226.1.81.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2011.06388.x"},{"key":"2015063019144695000_226.1.81.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2010.204594"},{"key":"2015063019144695000_226.1.81.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2002.35954"},{"key":"2015063019144695000_226.1.81.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2004-1240"},{"key":"2015063019144695000_226.1.81.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2006.09.004"},{"key":"2015063019144695000_226.1.81.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2004-1520"},{"key":"2015063019144695000_226.1.81.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI200421134"},{"key":"2015063019144695000_226.1.81.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ijo.0803001"},{"key":"2015063019144695000_226.1.81.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI9842"},{"key":"2015063019144695000_226.1.81.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2010.02.012"},{"key":"2015063019144695000_226.1.81.15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Goehler LE Gaykema RP Nguyen KT Lee JE Tilders FJ Maier SF Watkins LR 1999 Interleukin-1\u03b2 in immune cells of the abdominal vagus nerve: a link between the immune and nervous systems? 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