{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T14:20:04Z","timestamp":1784557204709,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Bioscientifica","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":["joe.bioscientifica.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Loss-of-function mutations in the immunoglobulin superfamily member 1 (\n                    <jats:italic>IGSF1<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) gene cause an X-linked syndrome of central hypothyroidism, macroorchidism, variable prolactin and GH deficiency, delayed pubertal testosterone rise, and obesity. To understand the pathophysiology of this syndrome, knowledge on IGSF1's place in normal development is imperative. Therefore, we investigated spatial and temporal protein and mRNA expression of IGSF1 in rats using immunohistochemistry, real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR), and\n                    <jats:italic>in situ<\/jats:italic>\n                    hybridization. We observed high levels of IGSF1 expression in the brain, specifically the embryonic and adult choroid plexus and hypothalamus (principally in glial cells), and in the pituitary gland (PIT1-lineage of GH, TSH, and PRL-producing cells). IGSF1 is also expressed in the embryonic and adult zona glomerulosa of the adrenal gland, islets of Langerhans of the pancreas, and costameres of the heart and skeletal muscle. IGSF1 is highly expressed in fetal liver, but is absent shortly after birth. In the adult testis, IGSF1 is present in Sertoli cells (epithelial stages XIII\u2013VI), and elongating spermatids (stages X\u2013XII). Specificity of protein expression was corroborated with\n                    <jats:italic>Igsf1<\/jats:italic>\n                    mRNA expression in all tissues. The expression patterns of IGSF1 in the pituitary gland and testis are consistent with the pituitary hormone deficiencies and macroorchidism observed in patients with IGSF1 deficiency. The expression in the brain, adrenal gland, pancreas, liver, and muscle suggest IGSF1's function in endocrine physiology might be more extensive than previously considered.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1530\/joe-15-0204","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,10]],"date-time":"2015-07-10T22:05:46Z","timestamp":1436565946000},"page":"181-191","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/crossmarkpolicy-1","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Spatial and temporal expression of immunoglobulin superfamily member 1 in the rat"],"prefix":"10.1530","volume":"226","author":[{"given":"Sjoerd D","family":"Joustra","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Onno C","family":"Meijer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charlotte A","family":"Heinen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabel M","family":"Mol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"El Houari","family":"Laghmani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rozemarijn M A","family":"Sengers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriela","family":"Carreno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A S Paul","family":"van Trotsenburg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nienke R","family":"Biermasz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel J","family":"Bernard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan M","family":"Wit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wilma","family":"Oostdijk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ans M M","family":"van Pelt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Geert","family":"Hamer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gerry T M","family":"Wagenaar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"416","reference":[{"key":"2015082118490611000_226.3.181.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2004-2567"},{"key":"2015082118490611000_226.3.181.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/me.15.4.654"},{"key":"2015082118490611000_226.3.181.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.23.14.4882-4891.2003"},{"key":"2015082118490611000_226.3.181.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/me.15.4.668"},{"key":"2015082118490611000_226.3.181.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/en.141.7.2600"},{"key":"2015082118490611000_226.3.181.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2826.2008.01676.x"},{"key":"2015082118490611000_226.3.181.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1741-7007-6-49"},{"key":"2015082118490611000_226.3.181.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-978911"},{"key":"2015082118490611000_226.3.181.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.R200021200"},{"key":"2015082118490611000_226.3.181.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1677\/joe.0.1820055"},{"key":"2015082118490611000_226.3.181.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/ERC-14-0465"},{"key":"2015082118490611000_226.3.181.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2013-1087"},{"key":"2015082118490611000_226.3.181.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-1119(98)00253-4"},{"key":"2015082118490611000_226.3.181.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygeno.2005.04.008"},{"key":"2015082118490611000_226.3.181.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006676-199001000-00005"},{"key":"2015082118490611000_226.3.181.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11405"},{"key":"2015082118490611000_226.3.181.17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2013-2743"},{"key":"2015082118490611000_226.3.181.18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/endo-112-3-951"},{"key":"2015082118490611000_226.3.181.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/en.132.3.1207"},{"key":"2015082118490611000_226.3.181.20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00130513"},{"key":"2015082118490611000_226.3.181.21","unstructured":"Luo LG Jackson I 2007 Thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) may preserve pancreatic islet cell function: potential role in the treatment of diabetes mellitus. Acta Bio-Medica 78 (Suppl 1) 216\u2013221."},{"key":"2015082118490611000_226.3.181.22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/geno.1997.5156"},{"key":"2015082118490611000_226.3.181.23","unstructured":"Mendis-Handagama SM Siril Ariyaratne HB 2005 Leydig cells, thyroid hormones and steroidogenesis. Indian Journal of Experimental Biology 43 939\u2013962."},{"key":"2015082118490611000_226.3.181.24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2011-0109"},{"key":"2015082118490611000_226.3.181.25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/eje.1.01937"},{"key":"2015082118490611000_226.3.181.26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/edrv-3-4-404"},{"key":"2015082118490611000_226.3.181.27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1208479"},{"key":"2015082118490611000_226.3.181.28","unstructured":"Paxinos G, Franklin K. 1988 The rat brain in stereotactic coordinates. Orlando, FL: Academic Press, Elsevier."},{"key":"2015082118490611000_226.3.181.29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2012-1616"},{"key":"2015082118490611000_226.3.181.30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/29.9.e45"},{"key":"2015082118490611000_226.3.181.31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M807527200"},{"key":"2015082118490611000_226.3.181.32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2012-1076"},{"key":"2015082118490611000_226.3.181.33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2164-10-269"},{"key":"2015082118490611000_226.3.181.34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000164066"},{"key":"2015082118490611000_226.3.181.35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.012025199"},{"key":"2015082118490611000_226.3.181.36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0400782101"},{"key":"2015082118490611000_226.3.181.37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.2453"},{"key":"2015082118490611000_226.3.181.38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Toshimori K. 2009 Sperm-Head formation and Factors Affecting It. In In: Dynamics of the Mammalian Sperm Head, pp 23-25. Springer-Verlag.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-89979-2_3"},{"key":"2015082118490611000_226.3.181.39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Voss JW Yao TP Rosenfeld MG 1991 Alternative translation initiation site usage results in two structurally distinct forms of Pit-1. Journal of Biological Chemistry 266 12832\u201312835.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)98767-3"},{"key":"2015082118490611000_226.3.181.40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2003.12.007"},{"key":"2015082118490611000_226.3.181.41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplung.00360.2012"},{"key":"2015082118490611000_226.3.181.42","unstructured":"Weber G Vigone MC Stroppa L Chiumello G 2003 Thyroid function and puberty. Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism 16 (Suppl 2) 253\u2013257."},{"key":"2015082118490611000_226.3.181.43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.94.20.10862"},{"key":"2015082118490611000_226.3.181.44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02738704"}],"container-title":["Journal of Endocrinology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/joe.bioscientifica.com\/view\/journals\/joe\/226\/3\/181.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/joe.bioscientifica.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/joe\/226\/3\/181.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T13:55:03Z","timestamp":1784555703000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/journals.bioscientifica.com\/joe\/article\/226\/3\/181-191\/22775"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,10]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/joe-15-0204","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-0795","1479-6805"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-0795","type":"print"},{"value":"1479-6805","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,10]]}}}