{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T00:57:09Z","timestamp":1787792229247,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Bioscientifica","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["joe.bioscientifica.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Neuroendocrine dysfunctions such as the hyperactivity of the vagus nerve and hypothalamus\u2013pituitary\u2013adrenal (HPA) axis greatly contribute to obesity and hyperinsulinemia; however, little is known about these dysfunctions in the pancreatic \u03b2-cells of obese individuals. We used a hypothalamic-obesity model obtained by neonatal treatment with monosodium\n                    <jats:sc>l<\/jats:sc>\n                    -glutamate (MSG) to induce obesity. To assess the role of the HPA axis and vagal tonus in the genesis of hypercorticosteronemia and hyperinsulinemia in an adult MSG-obese rat model, bilateral adrenalectomy (ADX) and subdiaphragmatic vagotomy (VAG) alone or combined surgeries (ADX\u2013VAG) were performed. To study glucose-induced insulin secretion (GIIS) and the cholinergic insulinotropic process, pancreatic islets were incubated with different glucose concentrations with or without oxotremorine-M, a selective agonist of the M\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (M\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    AChR) subtype. Protein expression of M\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    AChR in pancreatic islets, corticosteronemia, and vagus nerve activity was also evaluated. Surgeries reduced 80% of the body weight gain. Fasting glucose and insulin were reduced both by ADX and ADX\u2013VAG, whereas VAG was only associated with hyperglycemia. The serum insulin post-glucose stimulation was lower in all animals that underwent an operation. Vagal activity was decreased by 50% in ADX rats. In the highest glucose concentration, both surgeries reduced GIIS by 50%, whereas ADX-VAG decreased by 70%. Additionally, M\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    AChR activity was recovered by the individual surgeries. M\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    AChR protein expression was reduced by ADX. Both the adrenal gland and vagus nerve contribute to the hyperinsulinemia in the MSG model, although adrenal is more crucial as it appears to modulate parasympathetic activity and M\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    AChR expression in obesity.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1530\/joe-15-0467","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,25]],"date-time":"2016-04-25T23:53:32Z","timestamp":1461628412000},"page":"27-38","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/crossmarkpolicy-5","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["HPA axis and vagus nervous function are involved in impaired insulin secretion of MSG-obese rats"],"prefix":"10.1530","volume":"230","author":[{"given":"Rosiane A","family":"Miranda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of BiotechnologyGenetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maring\u00e1, Maring\u00e1, Brazil"},{"name":"2Carlos Chagas Filho Biophysics InstituteFederal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosana","family":"Torrezan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3Department of Physiological SciencesState University of Maring\u00e1, Maring\u00e1, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00falio C","family":"de Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"4Institute of Health SciencesFederal University of Mato Grosso, Sinop, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luiz F","family":"Barella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"5Molecular Signalling SectionLaboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudin\u00e9ia C","family":"da Silva Franco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of BiotechnologyGenetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maring\u00e1, Maring\u00e1, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patr\u00edcia C","family":"Lisboa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"6Department of Physiological SciencesRoberto Alc\u00e2ntara Gomes Biology Institute, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Egberto G","family":"Moura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"6Department of Physiological SciencesRoberto Alc\u00e2ntara Gomes Biology Institute, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paulo C F","family":"Mathias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of BiotechnologyGenetics and Cell Biology, State University of Maring\u00e1, Maring\u00e1, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"416","reference":[{"key":"2016071122262486000_230.1.27.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1677\/joe.0.0930239"},{"key":"2016071122262486000_230.1.27.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2009.11.008"},{"key":"2016071122262486000_230.1.27.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0029-1211119"},{"key":"2016071122262486000_230.1.27.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2001.22158"},{"key":"2016071122262486000_230.1.27.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1159\/000122829","article-title":"Late endocrine effects of administering monosodium glutamate to neonatal rats","volume":"26","author":"Bakke","year":"1978","journal-title":"Neuroendocrinology"},{"key":"2016071122262486000_230.1.27.6","unstructured":"Balbo SL Bonfleur ML Carneiro EM Amaral ME Filiputti E Mathias PC 2002 Parasympathetic activity changes insulin response to glucose and neurotransmitters. 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