{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T00:28:32Z","timestamp":1791419312437,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":278,"publisher":"Bioscientifica","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["joe.bioscientifica.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>At present, obesity is one of the most important public health problems in the world because it causes several diseases and reduces life expectancy. Although it is well known that insulin resistance plays a pivotal role in the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (the more frequent disease in obese people) the link between obesity and insulin resistance is yet a matter of debate. One of the most deleterious effects of obesity is the deposition of lipids in non-adipose tissues when the capacity of adipose tissue is overwhelmed. During the last decade, reduced mitochondrial function has been considered as an important contributor to \u2018toxic\u2019 lipid metabolite accumulation and consequent insulin resistance. More recent reports suggest that mitochondrial dysfunction is not an early event in the development of insulin resistance, but rather a complication of the hyperlipidemia-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in skeletal muscle, which might promote mitochondrial alterations, lipid accumulation and inhibition of insulin action. Here, we review the literature dealing with the mitochondria-centered mechanisms proposed to explain the onset of obesity-linked IR in skeletal muscle. We conclude that the different pathways leading to insulin resistance may act synergistically because ROS production by mitochondria and other sources can result in mitochondrial dysfunction, which in turn can further increase ROS production leading to the establishment of a harmful positive feedback loop.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1530\/joe-16-0598","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,23]],"date-time":"2017-02-23T20:52:55Z","timestamp":1487883175000},"page":"R15-R42","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/crossmarkpolicy-5","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":260,"title":["Skeletal muscle insulin resistance: role of mitochondria and other ROS sources"],"prefix":"10.1530","volume":"233","author":[{"given":"Sergio","family":"Di Meo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of BiologyUniversity of Naples \u2018Federico II\u2019, Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susanna","family":"Iossa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of BiologyUniversity of Naples \u2018Federico II\u2019, Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paola","family":"Venditti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of BiologyUniversity of Naples \u2018Federico II\u2019, Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"416","reference":[{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.1","first-page":"E678","article-title":"Deleterious action of FA metabolites on ATP synthesis: possible link between lipotoxicity, mitochondrial dysfunction, and insulin resistance","volume":"295","author":"Abdul-Ghani","year":"2008","journal-title":"American Journal of Physiology"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.275.12.9047"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M101521200"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc09-0267"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M706129200"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI37048"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.0000126501.34994.96"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbabio.2006.11.013","article-title":"VDAC1 serves as a mitochondrial binding site for hexokinase in oxidative muscles","volume":"1767","author":"Anflous-Pharayra","year":"2007","journal-title":"Biochimica et Biophysica Acta"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M302673200"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ijo.2010.123"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"C1674","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.1993.265.6.C1674","article-title":"Specific decrease of mitochondrial thermogenic capacity in brown adipose tissue of obese SHR\/N-cp rats","volume":"265","author":"Atgi\u00e9","year":"1993","journal-title":"American Journal of Physiology"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1464","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V93.5.1464","article-title":"NADPH oxidase: an update","volume":"93","author":"Babior","year":"1999","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.54.9.2685"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.50.11.2579"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"710","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1432-1033.1997.00710.x","article-title":"Modulation of the mitochondrial permeability transition by nitric oxide","volume":"246","author":"Balakirev","year":"1997","journal-title":"European Journal of Biochemistry"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvr230","article-title":"NADPH oxidase activation by hyperglycaemia in cardiomyocytes is independent of glucose metabolism but requires SGLT1","volume":"2","author":"Balteau","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cardiovascular Research"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/en.138.11.4721"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/me.13.10.1766"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-011-2396-x"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/db06-0783"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.54.6.1640"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/90992"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M804362200"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diab.46.3.524"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.25","first-page":"E353","article-title":"Abrogation of oxidative stress improves insulin sensitivity in the Ren-2 rat model of tissue angiotensin II overexpression","volume":"288","author":"Blendea","year":"2005","journal-title":"American Journal of Physiology"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2005.7.1553"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI118160"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI115399"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.29","first-page":"E798","article-title":"Overexpression of manganese superoxide dismutase ameliorates high-fat diet-induced insulin resistance in rat skeletal muscle","volume":"303","author":"Boden","year":"2012","journal-title":"American Journal of Physiology"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0962-8924(00)01900-0"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diab.45.7.915"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.32","first-page":"789","volume":"118","author":"Bonnard","year":"2008","journal-title":"Mitochondrial dysfunction results from oxidative stress in the skeletal muscle of diet-induced insulin-resistant mice Journal of Clinical Investigation"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2011-2147"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-007-0594-3"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.35","first-page":"R943","article-title":"Activation of the systemic and adipose renin-angiotensin system in rats with diet-induced obesity and hypertension","volume":"287","author":"Boustany","year":"2004","journal-title":"American Journal of Physiology"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2000.tb06181.x"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exger.2010.01.003"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1522-2594(200102)45:2<179::AID-MRM1023>3.0.CO;2-D"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.39","first-page":"w13659","article-title":"Reactive oxygen species: from health to disease","volume":"142","author":"Brieger","year":"2012","journal-title":"Swiss Medical Weekly"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/414813a"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1166"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.90579.2008"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1007\/s10545-008-1018-3","article-title":"Organelle dynamics and dysfunction: a closer link between peroxisomes and mitochondria","volume":"32","author":"Cam\u00f5es","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal Inherited Metabolic Disease"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dmr.5610050804"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.54.4.959"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.46","first-page":"65","article-title":"The respiratory chain and oxidative phosphorylation","volume":"17","author":"Chance","year":"1956","journal-title":"Advances in Enzymology and Related Subjects of Biochemistry"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24519","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(17)31418-7","article-title":"The respiratory burst oxidase.","volume":"269","author":"Chanock","year":"1994","journal-title":"Journal of Biological Chemistry"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2194","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/136.8.2194","article-title":"Diets high in sugar, fat, and energy induce muscle type-specific adaptations in mitochondrial functions in rats","volume":"136","author":"Chanseaume","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Nutrition"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1038\/oby.2007.511","article-title":"Chronological approach of diet-induced alterations in muscle mitochondrial functions in rats","volume":"15","author":"Chanseaume","year":"2007","journal-title":"Obesity"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.14.7.4902"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1474-9726.2008.00432.x"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1661","DOI":"10.1016\/0020-711X(92)90185-4","article-title":"Sequence of insulin effects on cytoskeletal and cytosolic phosphofructokinase, mitochondrial hexokinase, glucose 1,6-bisphosphate and fructose 2,6-bisphosphate levels, and the antagonistic action of calmodulin inhibitors, in diaphragm muscle","volume":"24","author":"Chen-Zion","year":"1992","journal-title":"International Journal of Biochemistry"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1171091"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2009.07.009"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.55.02.06.db05-1022"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0407043101"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tem.2012.05.009"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2009.11.003"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114513001566"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nut.2013.05.022"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1007\/s00394-014-0699-7","article-title":"The effect of high-fat-high-fructose diet on skeletal muscle mitochondrial energetics in adult rats","volume":"54","author":"Crescenzo","year":"2015","journal-title":"European Journal of Nutrition"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/378785a0"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI7535"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1001","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)42932-3","article-title":"Evidence for electron transfer reactions involved in Cu2+-dependent thiol activation of fat cell glucose utilization","volume":"249","author":"Czech","year":"1974","journal-title":"Journal of Biological Chemistry"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.71.10.4173"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbabio.2010.01.032"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15216540051081010"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2007.100156"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.08-112318"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-07-0756"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/cdd.2010.48"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physiolgenomics.00219.2007"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.14.3.173"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000046880"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/1245049","article-title":"Role of ROS and RNS sources in physiological and pathological conditions","volume":"2016","author":"Di Meo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/13813451003758703"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2011.06.033"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.78","first-page":"E615","article-title":"Oxidative stress induced insulin resistance in rat skeletal muscle: role of glycogen synthase kinase-3","volume":"294","author":"Dokken","year":"2008","journal-title":"American Journal of Physiology"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.107.162800"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.283.5407.1544"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.48.8.1662"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.0000154361.47683.d3"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0076-6879(67)10120-1"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M804249200"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2001-0039"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2005.7.1040"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2010.08.024"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/35041687"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tem.2011.12.008"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/db13-0940"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2009-1590"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI119752"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-9861(73)90636-X"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bi9020378"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1551","DOI":"10.1515\/BC.2006.193","article-title":"Mitochondrial morphology and distribution in mammalian cells","volume":"387","author":"Frazier","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Biological Chemistry"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.bi.64.070195.000525"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.53.2.306","article-title":"Hexokinase II overexpression improves exercise-stimulated but not insulin stimulated muscle glucose uptake in high-fat-fed C57BL\/6J mice","volume":"53","author":"Fueger","year":"2004","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0026-0495(97)90286-9"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M209459200"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-4173(87)90001-2","article-title":"Evidence for the existence of an inner membrane anion channel in mitochondria","volume":"853","author":"Garlid","year":"1986","journal-title":"Biochimica et Biophysica Acta"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.163.11.1306"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0800691105"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2005.05.011"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2011.10.008","article-title":"Berberine protects against high fat diet-induced dysfunction in muscle mitochondria by inducing SIRT1-dependent mitochondrial biogenesis","volume":"1822","author":"Gomes","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biochimica et Biophysica Acta"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-7075-9-15"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI117909"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.0000256091.55393.92"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004872-200205000-00032"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Halliwell B Gutteridge JMC 2015 Free Radicals in Biology and Medicine. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.","DOI":"10.1093\/acprof:oso\/9780198717478.001.0001"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.110","first-page":"E1064","article-title":"Limitations to basal and insulin-stimulated skeletal muscle glucose uptake in the high-fat-fed rat","volume":"279","author":"Halseth","year":"2000","journal-title":"American Journal of Physiology"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0802057105"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2011.4123"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27770","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms161126059","article-title":"Redox roles of reactive oxygen species in cardiovascular diseases","volume":"16","author":"He","year":"2015","journal-title":"International Journal of Molecular Sciences"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2006-2210"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2010.12.005"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M600451200"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.21936"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature01137"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hoehn KL Hohnen-Behrens C Cederberg A Wu LE Turner N Yuasa T Ebina Y James DE 2008 IRS1-independent defects define major nodes of insulin resistance. Cell Metabolism 7 421\u2013433. (doi:10.1016\/j.cmet.2008.04.005)","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2008.04.005"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0902380106"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.febslet.2008.01.013"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/db10-0519"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00639.2006"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.124","first-page":"E731","article-title":"Tissue-specific control of mitochondrial respiration in obesity-related insulin resistance and diabetes","volume":"302","author":"Holmstr\u00f6m","year":"2012","journal-title":"American Journal of Physiology"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.7678183"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature04634"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.84.24.9265"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0027401"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/bse0470053"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.165.3.2103028"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0926-6593(66)90057-9"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.05603-11"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1111308108"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-789X.2011.00942.x","article-title":"The renin-angiotensin system: a link between obesity, inflammation and insulin resistance","volume":"13","author":"Kalupahana","year":"2011","journal-title":"Obesity Reviews"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-5793(02)02712-6"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1111"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/db09-0591"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1254\/jphs.10R01CR"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.139","first-page":"E1130","article-title":"Skeletal muscle fatty acid metabolism in association with insulin resistance, obesity, and weight loss","volume":"277","author":"Kelley","year":"1999","journal-title":"American Journal of Physiology"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.51.10.2944"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI6928"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.52.8.1935"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27012","DOI":"10.1155\/JBB\/2006\/27012","article-title":"The adipose rennin-angiotensin system modulates systemic markers of insulin sensitivity and activates the intrarenal renin-angiotensin system","volume":"2006","author":"Kim","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/bj2980249"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.271.49.31372"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2007.10.013"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.01018.2011"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.47.7.1107"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.149","first-page":"S31","article-title":"High-fat load: mechanism(s) of insulin resistance in skeletal muscle","volume":"2","author":"Lark","year":"2012","journal-title":"International Journal of Obesity"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0126732"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.151","first-page":"E1169","article-title":"Diet-induced modulation of mitochondrial activity in rat muscle","volume":"293","author":"Laurent","year":"2007","journal-title":"American Journal of Physiology"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.152","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2005.01.003"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.153","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2010.11.004"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.154","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/db10-0174"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.274.14.9351"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ijo.2011.279"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.157","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00030.2008"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.158","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1465","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2007.02.015","article-title":"The effects of superoxide dismutase on H2O2 formation","volume":"10","author":"Liochev","year":"2007","journal-title":"Free Radical Biology and Medicine"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.159","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ijo.0803636"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.160","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2009.08.009"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.161","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-5793(74)80281-4"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.162","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1104343"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.163","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0127172","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0127172","article-title":"Sirtuin3 dysfunction is the key determinant of skeletal muscle insulin resistance by angiotensin II","volume":"10","author":"Macconi","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.164","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1999.tb07793.x"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2214","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(17)30209-0","article-title":"Insulin-stimulated intracellular hydrogen peroxide production in rat epididymal fat cells","volume":"254","author":"May","year":"1979","journal-title":"Journal of Biological Chemistry"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.166","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.1990.70.2.391","article-title":"Role of calcium ions in regulation of mammalian intramitochondrial metabolism","volume":"70","author":"McCormack","year":"1990","journal-title":"Physiological Reviews"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/46311"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/208147a0"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.169","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/db08-0949"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.170","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2007.1792"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm762"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.172","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng1180"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.173","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M407715200"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.174","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2007.03.034"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2012.04.010"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.176","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(94)90266-6"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.177","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"C670","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.00213.2006","article-title":"The mitochondrial energy transduction system and the aging process","volume":"292","author":"Navarro","year":"2007","journal-title":"American Journal of Physiology"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.178","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M511626200"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.179","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2007.135871"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.180","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2012.02.035"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.181","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0076-6879(02)51859-0"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.182","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.0000040262.48405.A8"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.183","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M105395200"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.184","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000042707.50032.19"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.185","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10409230591008189"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.186","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00029.2006"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.187","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cellsig.2011.05.021"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.188","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-05-1925"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.189","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1032913100"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.190","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.272.47.29911"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.191","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2004.05.008"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.192","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"a109","DOI":"10.2741\/A745","article-title":"Decreased mitochondrial carnitine translocase in skeletal muscles impairs utilization of fatty acids in insulin-resistant patients","volume":"7","author":"Peluso","year":"2002","journal-title":"Frontiers in Bioscience"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.193","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.47.3.387"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.194","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1001-1138"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.195","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa031314"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.196","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/db08-0391"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0015912"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.198","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2010.11.015"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.199","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.R113.472936"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.200","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0891-5849(02)01111-5"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1002\/dmr.5610040702","article-title":"Mechanisms decreasing glucose oxidation in diabetes and starvation: role of lipid fuels and hormones","volume":"4","author":"Randle","year":"1988","journal-title":"Diabetes\/Metabolism Reviews"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.202","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2011.06.027"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.203","first-page":"E920","article-title":"Angiotensin II induces insulin resistance independent of changes in interstitial insulin","volume":"277","author":"Richey","year":"1999","journal-title":"American Journal of Physiology"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.204","first-page":"H634","article-title":"Redox regulation of insulin sensitivity due to enhanced fatty acid utilization in the mitochondria","volume":"305","author":"Rindler","year":"2013","journal-title":"American Journal of Physiology"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.205","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2011.05.010"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.206","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.54.1.8"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.207","first-page":"E49","article-title":"Deficiency of electron transport chain in human skeletal muscle mitochondria in type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity","volume":"298","author":"Ritov","year":"2010","journal-title":"American Journal of Physiology"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.208","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2011.04.031"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.209","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.00466.2007"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.210","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2012.4623"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.211","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/10715762.2013.830718"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.212","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0066322"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.213","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0036320"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.214","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)60242-6"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.215","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI43653"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.216","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2008.04.029"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.217","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-006-0475-1"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.218","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1108220109"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.219","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M109.026203"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.220","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1194\/jlr.R700005-JLR200"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.221","first-page":"R675","article-title":"Altered skeletal muscle insulin signaling and mitochondrial complex II-III linked activity in adult offspring of obese mice","volume":"297","author":"Shelley","year":"2009","journal-title":"American Journal of Physiology"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.222","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm0796-800"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.223","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.0000125142.41703.64"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.224","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI10583"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.225","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/expphysiol.1997.sp004024"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.226","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2051","DOI":"10.1096\/fasebj.13.14.2051","article-title":"Markers of capacity to utilize fatty acids in human skeletal muscle: relation to insulin resistance and obesity and effects of weight loss","volume":"13","author":"Simoneau","year":"1999","journal-title":"FASEB Journal"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.227","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI46405"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.228","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scisignal.2004785"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.229","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2010.10.002"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.230","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.54.7.1926"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.231","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/43459"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.232","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e154","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.0040154","article-title":"Muscle mitochondrial ATP synthesis and glucose transport\/phosphorylation in Type 2 diabetes","volume":"4","author":"Szendroedi","year":"2007","journal-title":"PLoS Medicine"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.233","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2013.11.003"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.234","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Takada S Kinugawa S Hirabayashi K Suga T Yokota T Takahashi M Fukushima A Homma T Ono T Sobirin MA 2013 Angiotensin II receptor blocker improves the lowered exercise capacity and impaired mitochondrial function of the skeletal muscle in type 2 diabetic mice. Journal of Applied Physiology 114 844\u2013857. (doi:10.1152\/japplphysiol.00053.2012)","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00053.2012"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.235","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jpi.12157"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.236","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.274.15.10595"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.237","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M109.017491"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.238","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm2039"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.239","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.17.5.669"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.240","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/db07-0093"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.241","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/bj1910421"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.242","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-978769"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.243","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocel.2006.07.001"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.244","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.24360"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.245","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-005-5457-9"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.246","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mito.2013.01.008"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.247","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.2174\/187152221501150710124951","article-title":"Role of mitochondria and other ROS sources in hyperthyroidism-linked oxidative stress","volume":"15","author":"Venditti","year":"2015","journal-title":"Immunology, Endocrine and Metabolic Agents in Medicinal Chemistry"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.248","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1027335217774"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.249","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tibs.2010.07.003"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.250","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2005.02587.x"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.251","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1080\/15216540310001639652","article-title":"Mitochondria as targets of apoptosis regulation by nitric oxide","volume":"55","author":"Vieira","year":"2003","journal-title":"IUBMB Life"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.252","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9679","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(17)42754-2","article-title":"Evidence for functional hexokinase compartmentation in rat skeletal muscle mitochondria","volume":"259","author":"Viitanen","year":"1984","journal-title":"Journal of Biological Chemistry"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.253","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3940(99)00748-X"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.254","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.83.1.230"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.255","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/meta.2000.6245"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.256","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/meth.1995.1022"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.257","first-page":"E658","article-title":"Early mitochondrial dysfunction in glycolytic muscle, but not oxidative muscle, of the fructose-fed insulin-resistant rat","volume":"306","author":"Warren","year":"2014","journal-title":"American Journal of Physiology"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.258","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M601320200"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.259","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.00216.2007"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.260","first-page":"E670","article-title":"Carnitine supplementation in high-fat diet-fed rats does not ameliorate lipid-induced skeletal muscle mitochondrial dysfunction in vivo","volume":"309","author":"Wessels","year":"2015","journal-title":"American Journal of Physiology"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.261","first-page":"E413","article-title":"IRS proteins and the common path to diabetes","volume":"283","author":"White","year":"2002","journal-title":"American Journal of Physiology"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.262","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(17)42297-6","article-title":"The insulin signaling system","volume":"269","author":"White","year":"1994","journal-title":"Journal of Biological Chemistry"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.263","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.25.3.1135-1145.2005"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.264","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0076-6879(95)51112-1"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.265","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2006.09.029"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.266","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.20819"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.267","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.110.223115"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.268","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"941","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-4658.2011.08010.x","article-title":"Mitochondrial oxidative stress causes mitochondrial fragmentation via differential modulation of mitochondrial fission-fusion proteins","volume":"278","author":"Wu","year":"2011","journal-title":"FEBS Journal"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.269","first-page":"38","article-title":"Two distinct patterns of glucose intolerance in icteric rats and rabbits. Relationship to impaired liver mitochondria function","volume":"86","author":"Yamada","year":"1975","journal-title":"Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.270","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm788"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.271","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/BSR20120034"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.272","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.1994.74.1.139","article-title":"Cellular defenses against damage from reactive oxygen species","volume":"74","author":"Yu","year":"1994","journal-title":"Physiological Reviews"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.273","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvn104"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.274","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0054059"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.275","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.22.4.1016-1026.2002"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.276","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s001250051457"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.277","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/78693"},{"key":"2017022317501401000_233.1.R15.278","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.192.7.1001"}],"container-title":["Journal of Endocrinology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/joe.bioscientifica.com\/view\/journals\/joe\/233\/1\/R15.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/joe.bioscientifica.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/joe\/233\/1\/R15.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T13:55:47Z","timestamp":1784555747000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/journals.bioscientifica.com\/joe\/article\/233\/1\/R15-R42\/23014"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,4]]},"references-count":278,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/joe-16-0598","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-0795","1479-6805"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-0795","type":"print"},{"value":"1479-6805","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,4]]}}}