{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T14:21:13Z","timestamp":1784557273445,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":291,"publisher":"Bioscientifica","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["joe.bioscientifica.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine condition characterised by a range of reproductive, endocrine, metabolic and psychological abnormalities. Reports estimate that around 10% of women of reproductive age are affected by PCOS, representing a significant prevalence worldwide, which poses a high economic health burden. As the origin of PCOS remains largely unknown, there is neither a cure nor mechanism-based treatments leaving patient management suboptimal and focused solely on symptomatic treatment. However, if the underlying mechanisms underpinning the development of PCOS were uncovered then this would pave the way for the development of new interventions for PCOS. Recently, there have been significant advances in our understanding of the underlying pathways likely involved in PCOS pathogenesis. Key insights include the potential involvement of androgens, insulin, anti-M\u00fcllerian hormone and transforming growth factor beta in the development of PCOS. This review will summarise the significant scientific discoveries on these factors that have enhanced our knowledge of the mechanisms involved in the development of PCOS and discuss the impact these insights may have in shaping the future development of effective strategies for women with PCOS.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1530\/joe-22-0059","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,16]],"date-time":"2022-08-16T06:48:34Z","timestamp":1660632514000},"page":"R1-R26","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/crossmarkpolicy-5","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Key signalling pathways underlying the aetiology of polycystic ovary syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1530","volume":"255","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1504-9734","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Kirsty A","family":"Walters","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Women\u2019s and Children\u2019s Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0880-6661","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Alba","family":"Moreno-Asso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Footscray, Victoria, Australia"},{"name":"Australian Institute of Musculoskeletal Science, Victoria University, St. Albans, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0875-6836","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Nigel K","family":"Stepto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Footscray, Victoria, Australia"},{"name":"Australian Institute of Musculoskeletal Science, Victoria University, St. Albans, Victoria, Australia"},{"name":"Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, Monash University and Monash Health, Clayton, Victoria, Australia"},{"name":"Medicine at Western Health, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0976-5742","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Michael W","family":"Pankhurst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1213-2572","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Valentina","family":"Rodriguez Paris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Women\u2019s and Children\u2019s Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2139-2969","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Raymond J","family":"Rodgers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Robinson Research Institute, School of Biomedicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"416","reference":[{"key":"bib1","series-title":"PNAS","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4045","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1703436114","article-title":"Neuronal androgen receptor: molecular gateway to polycystic ovary syndrome?","volume":"114","author":"Abbott","year":"2017","unstructured":"Abbott DH2017Neuronal androgen receptor: molecular gateway to polycystic ovary syndrome?PNAS1144045\u20134047. 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