{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T20:11:48Z","timestamp":1790799108740,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"Bioscientifica","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,1]],"date-time":"2022-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1656633600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["raf.bioscientifica.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Lay summary<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The need to develop new treatments to prevent unprompted premature delivery before 37 weeks of pregnancy remains pressing and unmet. Bacteria (\n                      <jats:italic>Lactobacillus<\/jats:italic>\n                      species) that promote vaginal health produce biochemical compounds that prevent the growth of microbes such as\n                      <jats:italic>Gardnerella vaginalis<\/jats:italic>\n                      . Overgrowth of\n                      <jats:italic>G. vaginalis<\/jats:italic>\n                      can cause vaginal infection with smelly discharge and increase a woman\u2019s risk of sexually transmitted infections and premature delivery. In this study, we examined how normal health-promoting (\n                      <jats:italic>L. crispatus<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) and potentially harmful (\n                      <jats:italic>G. vaginalis<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) vaginal bacteria interact in a laboratory setting. This was in order to observe natural and effective agent(s) from\n                      <jats:italic>L. crispatus<\/jats:italic>\n                      that can hinder the growth of\n                      <jats:italic>G. vaginalis<\/jats:italic>\n                      and accompanying immune response. We observed that\n                      <jats:italic>L. crispatus<\/jats:italic>\n                      clears\n                      <jats:italic>G. vaginalis<\/jats:italic>\n                      by itself and with several biochemical compounds that it produces. Such biochemical compounds can be developed into treatment for vaginal infections and premature delivery due to infection and inappropriate immune response.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1530\/raf-22-0026","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,1]],"date-time":"2022-08-01T07:54:11Z","timestamp":1659340451000},"page":"L6-L8","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/crossmarkpolicy-13","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Exploring the antimicrobial properties of vaginal Lactobacillus crispatus against preterm birth-associated bacteria"],"prefix":"10.1530","volume":"3","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3924-5270","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Emmanuel","family":"Amabebe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Noopur","family":"Bhatnagar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nitin","family":"Kamble","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6463-8471","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Steven","family":"Reynolds","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dilly O","family":"Anumba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"416","reference":[{"key":"bib1","series-title":"Frontiers in Medicine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2018.00181","article-title":"The vaginal microenvironment: the physiologic role of lactobacilli","volume":"5","author":"Amabebe","year":"2018","unstructured":"Amabebe EAnumba DOC2018The vaginal microenvironment: the physiologic role of lactobacilli. 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