{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T15:11:11Z","timestamp":1788448271290,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"Bioscientifica","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,4]],"date-time":"2024-09-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725408000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["raf.bioscientifica.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Seminal fluid extracellular vesicles (SFEVs) have previously been shown to interact with spermatozoa and influence their fertilisation capacity. Here, we sought to extend these studies by exploring the functional consequences of SFEV interactions with human spermatozoa. SFEVs were isolated from the seminal fluid of normozoospermic donors prior to assessing the kinetics of sperm-SFEV binding\n                      <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                      , as well as the effects of these interactions on sperm capacitation, acrosomal exocytosis, and motility profile. Biotin-labelled SFEV proteins were transferred primarily to the flagellum of spermatozoa within minutes of co-incubation, although additional foci of SFEV biotinylated proteins also labelled the mid-piece and head domain. Functional analyses of high-quality spermatozoa collected following liquefaction revealed that SFEVs did not influence sperm motility during incubation at pH 5, yet SFEVs induced subtle increases in total and progressive motility in sperm incubated with SFEVs at pH 7. Additional investigation of sperm motility kinematic parameters revealed that SFEVs significantly decreased beat cross frequency and increased distance straight line, linearity, straightness, straight line velocity, and wobble. SFEVs did not influence sperm capacitation status or the ability of sperm to undergo acrosomal exocytosis. Functional assessment of both high- and low-quality spermatozoa collected prior to liquefaction showed limited SFEV influence, with these vesicles inducing only subtle decreases in beat cross frequency in spermatozoa of both groups. These findings raise the prospect that, aside from subtle effects on sperm motility, the encapsulated SFEV cargo may be destined for physiological targets other than the male germline, notably the female reproductive tract.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Lay Summary<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A male\u2019s influence over the biological processes of pregnancy extends beyond the provision of sperm. Molecular signals present in the ejaculate can influence the likelihood of pregnancy and healthy pregnancy progression, but the identity and function of these signals remain unclear. In this study, we wanted to understand if nano-sized particles present in the male ejaculate, called seminal fluid extracellular vesicles, can assist sperm in traversing the female reproductive tract to access the egg. To explore this, we isolated seminal fluid extracellular vesicles from human semen and incubated them with sperm. Our data showed that seminal fluid extracellular vesicles act to transfer molecular information to sperm, but this resulted in only subtle changes to the movement of sperm.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Graphical abstract<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"images\/RAF-23-0088inf1.jpeg\"\/>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1530\/raf-23-0088","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,4]],"date-time":"2024-09-04T08:08:20Z","timestamp":1725437300000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/crossmarkpolicy-13","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["The efficacy and functional consequences of interactions between human spermatozoa and seminal fluid extracellular vesicles"],"prefix":"10.1530","volume":"5","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3667-7414","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Cottrell T","family":"Tamessar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Environmental and Life Sciences, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia"},{"name":"Infertility and Reproduction Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amanda L","family":"Anderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Environmental and Life Sciences, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia"},{"name":"Infertility and Reproduction Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth G","family":"Bromfield","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Environmental and Life Sciences, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia"},{"name":"Infertility and Reproduction Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia"},{"name":"School of BioSciences, Faculty of Science, Bio21 Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8999-5731","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Natalie A","family":"Trigg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Environmental and Life Sciences, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia"},{"name":"Infertility and Reproduction Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shanmathi","family":"Parameswaran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Environmental and Life Sciences, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia"},{"name":"Infertility and Reproduction Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simone J","family":"Stanger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Environmental and Life Sciences, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia"},{"name":"Infertility and Reproduction Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Judith","family":"Weidenhofer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Ourimbah, New South Wales, Australia"},{"name":"Precision Medicine Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui-Ming","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Analytical Facility, Research and Innovation Division, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9967-0084","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Sarah A","family":"Robertson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Robinson Research Institute and School of Biomedicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4831-7950","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"David J","family":"Sharkey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Robinson Research Institute and School of Biomedicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2745-8188","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Brett","family":"Nixon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Environmental and Life Sciences, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia"},{"name":"Infertility and Reproduction Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6293-6160","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"John E","family":"Schjenken","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Environmental and Life Sciences, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia"},{"name":"Infertility and Reproduction Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"416","reference":[{"key":"bib3","series-title":"Biology of Reproduction","first-page":"82","article-title":"Identification of distinct populations of prostasomes that differentially express prostate stem cell antigen, annexin A1, and GLIPR2 in humans","volume":"86","author":"Aalberts","year":"2012","unstructured":"Aalberts MVan Dissel-Emiliani FMFVan Adrichem NPHVan Wijnen MWauben MHMStout TAE & Stoorvogel W2012Identification of distinct populations of prostasomes that differentially express prostate stem cell antigen, annexin A1, and GLIPR2 in humans. 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(https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1582-4934.2004.tb00261.x)"},{"key":"bib10","series-title":"Systems Biology in Reproductive Medicine","first-page":"139","article-title":"Prostasomes as potential modulators of tyrosine phosphorylation in human spermatozoa","volume":"57","author":"Bechoua","year":"2011","unstructured":"Bechoua SRieu ISion B & Grizard G2011Prostasomes as potential modulators of tyrosine phosphorylation in human spermatozoa. Systems Biology in Reproductive Medicine57139\u2013148. (https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/19396368.2010.549538)"},{"key":"bib11","series-title":"Human Reproduction","first-page":"1455","article-title":"MicroRNA signature is altered in both human epididymis and seminal microvesicles following vasectomy","volume":"28","author":"Belleannee","year":"2013","unstructured":"Belleannee CLegare CCalvo EThimon V & Sullivan R2013MicroRNA signature is altered in both human epididymis and seminal microvesicles following vasectomy. Human Reproduction281455\u20131467. (https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/humrep\/det088)"},{"key":"bib12","series-title":"Human Reproduction","first-page":"2597","article-title":"The impact of oxidative stress on chaperone-mediated human sperm-egg interaction","volume":"30","author":"Bromfield","year":"2015","unstructured":"Bromfield EGAitken RJAnderson ALMclaughlin EA & Nixon B2015The impact of oxidative stress on chaperone-mediated human sperm-egg interaction. Human Reproduction302597\u20132613. (https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/humrep\/dev214)"},{"key":"bib13","series-title":"Proteomics","first-page":"1660","article-title":"Distinct lipid compositions of two types of human prostasomes","volume":"13","author":"Brouwers","year":"2013","unstructured":"Brouwers JFAalberts MJansen JWAVan Niel GWauben MHStout TAEHelms JB & Stoorvogel W2013Distinct lipid compositions of two types of human prostasomes. Proteomics131660\u20131666. (https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/pmic.201200348)"},{"key":"bib14","series-title":"Scientific Reports","first-page":"8822","article-title":"Extracellular vesicles with altered tetraspanin CD9 and CD151 levels confer increased prostate cell motility and invasion","volume":"8","author":"Brzozowski","year":"2018","unstructured":"Brzozowski JSBond DRJankowski HGoldie BJBurchell RNaudin CSmith NDScarlett CJLarsen MRDun MD, et al.2018Extracellular vesicles with altered tetraspanin CD9 and CD151 levels confer increased prostate cell motility and invasion. Scientific Reports88822. (https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-018-27180-z)"},{"key":"bib15","series-title":"Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics","first-page":"6","article-title":"Fusion of sperm with prostasomes: effects on membrane fluidity","volume":"343","author":"Carlini","year":"1997","unstructured":"Carlini EPalmerini CACosmi EV & Arienti G1997Fusion of sperm with prostasomes: effects on membrane fluidity. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics3436\u201312. (https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1006\/abbi.1997.9999)"},{"key":"bib16","series-title":"Prostate","first-page":"322","article-title":"Characteristics of human prostasomes isolated from three different sources","volume":"54","author":"Carlsson","year":"2003","unstructured":"Carlsson LNilsson OLarsson AStridsberg MSahlen G & Ronquist G2003Characteristics of human prostasomes isolated from three different sources. Prostate54322\u2013330. (https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/pros.10189)"},{"key":"bib17","series-title":"Reproduction","first-page":"489","article-title":"First insights on seminal extracellular vesicles in chickens of contrasted fertility","volume":"161","author":"Cordeiro","year":"2021","unstructured":"Cordeiro LLin HHVitorino Carvalho AGrasseau IUzbekov R & Blesbois E2021First insights on seminal extracellular vesicles in chickens of contrasted fertility. Reproduction161489\u2013498. (https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/REP-20-0462)"},{"key":"bib19","series-title":"Asian Journal of Andrology","first-page":"230","article-title":"Oxidative phosphorylation versus glycolysis: what fuel do spermatozoa use?","volume":"17","author":"Du Plessis","year":"2015","unstructured":"Du Plessis SSAgarwal AMohanty G & Van Der Linde M2015Oxidative phosphorylation versus glycolysis: what fuel do spermatozoa use?Asian Journal of Andrology17230\u2013235. (https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/1008-682X.135123)"},{"key":"bib18","series-title":"Oncotarget","first-page":"58832","article-title":"Boar seminal plasma exosomes maintain sperm function by infiltrating into the sperm membrane","volume":"7","author":"Du","year":"2016","unstructured":"Du JShen JWang YPan CPang WDiao H & Dong W2016Boar seminal plasma exosomes maintain sperm function by infiltrating into the sperm membrane. Oncotarget758832\u201358847. (https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18632\/oncotarget.11315)"},{"key":"bib20","series-title":"Nature Methods","first-page":"228","article-title":"EV-TRACK: transparent reporting and centralizing knowledge in extracellular vesicle research","volume":"14","author":"Van Deun","year":"2017","unstructured":"EV-TRACK Consortium, Van Deun JMestdagh PAgostinis PAkay \u00d6Anand SAnckaert JMartinez ZABaetens TBeghein E, et al.2017EV-TRACK: transparent reporting and centralizing knowledge in extracellular vesicle research. Nature Methods14228\u2013232. (https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nmeth.4185)"},{"key":"bib21","series-title":"Human Reproduction","first-page":"1485","article-title":"Enhanced recruitment of motile spermatozoa by prostasome inclusion in swim-up medium","volume":"9","author":"Fabiani","year":"1994","unstructured":"Fabiani RJohansson LLundkvist O & Ronquist G1994Enhanced recruitment of motile spermatozoa by prostasome inclusion in swim-up medium. Human Reproduction91485\u20131489. 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