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To determine the molecular mechanisms of uterine smooth muscle cell activation by proinflammatory cytokines, we performed genechip expression array profiling studies of PHM1-31 cells in the absence and the presence of IL-1\u03b2. In total, we identified 198 known genes whose mRNA levels are significantly modulated (&amp;gt; 2.0-fold change) following IL-1\u03b2 exposure. We confirmed the expression changes for selected genes by independent mRNA and protein analysis. The group of genes induced by IL-1\u03b2 includes transcription factors and inflammatory response genes such as nuclear factor of \u03ba light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells (NF\u03baB), pentraxin-related gene (PTX3), and tumor necrosis factor \u03b1-induced protein 3\/A20 (TNFAIP3\/A20). We also found up-regulation of chemokines like C-X-C motif ligand 3 (CXCL3) and extracellular matrix remodeling signaling molecules like tenascin C (TNC). Our data suggest that IL-1\u03b2 elicits the rapid activation of a cellular network of genes particularly implicated in inflammatory response that may create a cellular environment favorable for myometrial cell contraction. Our results provide novel insights into the mechanisms of uterine smooth muscle cell regulation and possibly infection-induced preterm labor.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1530\/rep-07-0289","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,11,27]],"date-time":"2007-11-27T10:33:06Z","timestamp":1196159586000},"page":"811-822","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/crossmarkpolicy-11","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["Identification of interleukin-1\u03b2 regulated genes in uterine smooth muscle cells"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"134","author":[{"given":"Gre\u0301gory","family":"Chevillard","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research"},{"name":"Department of Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Derjuga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dominic","family":"Devost","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hans H","family":"Zingg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Volker","family":"Blank","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research"},{"name":"Department of Medicine"},{"name":"Department of Physiology, McGill University, 3755 Cote Sainte-Catherine Road, Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1E2 Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,12,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026010713120907000_ACKERMAN-ETAL-2004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2079","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.104.030841","volume":"71","year":"2004","journal-title":"Biology of Reproduction"},{"key":"2026010713120907000_AGUAN-ETAL-2000","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1141","DOI":"10.1093\/molehr\/6.12.1141","volume":"6","year":"2000","journal-title":"Molecular Human Reproduction"},{"key":"2026010713120907000_AINBINDER-ETAL-2002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6354","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.22.18.6354-6362.2002","volume":"22","year":"2002","journal-title":"Molecular and Cellular Biology"},{"key":"2026010713120907000_ARNTZEN-ETAL-1998","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1515\/jpme.1998.26.1.17","volume":"26","year":"1998","journal-title":"Journal of Perinatal Medicine"},{"key":"2026010713120907000_ASSI-ETAL-2007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2006.01225.x","volume":"114","year":"2007","journal-title":"British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology"},{"key":"2026010713120907000_BARTLETT-ETAL-1999","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7793.1999.00399.x","volume":"520","year":"1999","journal-title":"Journal of Physiology"},{"key":"2026010713120907000_BETHIN-ETAL-2003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1454","DOI":"10.1210\/me.2003-0007","volume":"17","year":"2003","journal-title":"Molecular Endocrinology"},{"key":"2026010713120907000_BREVIARIO-ETAL-1992","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22190","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)41653-5","volume":"267","year":"1992","journal-title":"Journal of Biological Chemistry"},{"key":"2026010713120907000_CARIO-TOUMANIANTZ-ETAL-2003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2003.047738","volume":"552","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of Physiology"},{"key":"2026010713120907000_CHALLIS-ETAL-2002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1530\/rep.0.1240001","volume":"124","year":"2002","journal-title":"Reproduction"},{"key":"2026010713120907000_CHARPIGNY-ETAL-2003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2289","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.102.013763","volume":"68","year":"2003","journal-title":"Biology of Reproduction"},{"key":"2026010713120907000_CHURCH-AND-GILBERT-1984","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1991","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.81.7.1991","volume":"81","year":"1984","journal-title":"PNAS"},{"key":"2026010713120907000_CONDON-ETAL-2006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"764","DOI":"10.1210\/me.2005-0242","volume":"20","year":"2006","journal-title":"Molecular Endocrinology"},{"key":"2026010713120907000_COOK-ETAL-2000","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1718","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.141.5.7474","volume":"141","year":"2000","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"2026010713120907000_DEVOST-AND-ZINGG-2007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E1","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00529.2005","volume":"292","year":"2007","journal-title":"American Journal of Physiology. 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