{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]],"date-time":"2026-03-10T11:08:07Z","timestamp":1773140887394,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,3,1]],"date-time":"2008-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1204329600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["rep.bioscientifica.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Scrapie is the most common transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (TSE) in livestock. Natural contamination in sheep flocks is presumed to occur by maternal transmission to offspring. However, horizontal prion transmission from animal to animal exists and may be significant in sustaining and spreading contagion in the field. Artificial insemination is widely used in modern farming, and as large amounts of prion protein have been found in sheep sperm membrane, epididymal fluid and seminal plasma, horizontal transmission by this route was hypothesized since no clear information has been obtained on possible sexual transmission of TSE. We therefore tested the contamination levels of semen from scrapie-infected rams at different stages of incubation, including the clinical phase of the disease. We report here that under our experimental conditions ram semen did not transmit infectivity to scrapie-susceptible transgenic mice overexpressing the V136R154Q171 allele of the sheep prion (PRNP) gene. These results suggest that artificial insemination and natural mating have a very low or negligible potential for the transmission of scrapie in sheep flocks.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1530\/rep-07-0388","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,2,25]],"date-time":"2008-02-25T14:18:29Z","timestamp":1203949109000},"page":"415-418","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/crossmarkpolicy-1","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Semen from scrapie-infected rams does not transmit prion infection to transgenic mice"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"135","author":[{"given":"Pierre","family":"Sarradin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sandrine","family":"Melo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C\u00e9line","family":"Barc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C\u00e9line","family":"Lecomte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Olivier","family":"Andr\u00e9oletti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INRA UR1282, Infectiologie Animale et Sant\u00e9 Publique (IASP), Nouzilly F-37380, France 1INRA-ENVT Interactions H\u00f4tes-Agents Pathog\u00e8nes, UMR 1225, IHAP, F-31066 Toulouse, France and 2INRA-CNRS-Haras Nationaux-Universit\u00e9 de Tours UMR 6175, Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements (PRC), Nouzilly F-37380, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric","family":"Lantier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jean-Louis","family":"Dacheux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INRA UR1282, Infectiologie Animale et Sant\u00e9 Publique (IASP), Nouzilly F-37380, France 1INRA-ENVT Interactions H\u00f4tes-Agents Pathog\u00e8nes, UMR 1225, IHAP, F-31066 Toulouse, France and 2INRA-CNRS-Haras Nationaux-Universit\u00e9 de Tours UMR 6175, Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements (PRC), Nouzilly F-37380, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jean-Luc","family":"Gatti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INRA UR1282, Infectiologie Animale et Sant\u00e9 Publique (IASP), Nouzilly F-37380, France 1INRA-ENVT Interactions H\u00f4tes-Agents Pathog\u00e8nes, UMR 1225, IHAP, F-31066 Toulouse, France and 2INRA-CNRS-Haras Nationaux-Universit\u00e9 de Tours UMR 6175, Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements (PRC), Nouzilly F-37380, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,3,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026010713144058500_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1097\/00019052-200406000-00015","article-title":"Recent advances in prion biology","volume":"17","author":"Aguzzi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Current Opinion in Neurology"},{"key":"2026010713144058500_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3115","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-81-12-3115","article-title":"Early accumulation of PrP(Sc) in gut-associated lymphoid and nervous tissues of susceptible sheep from a Romanov flock with natural scrapie","volume":"81","author":"Andreoletti","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of General Virology"},{"key":"2026010713144058500_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1055","article-title":"PrPSc accumulation in myocytes from sheep incubating natural scrapie","volume":"10","author":"Andreoletti","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nature Medicine"},{"key":"2026010713144058500_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1043","DOI":"10.1099\/vir.0.81318-0","article-title":"Bovine spongiform encephalopathy agent in spleen from an ARR\/ARR orally exposed sheep","volume":"87","author":"Andreoletti","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of General Virology"},{"key":"2026010713144058500_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1745-7262.2007.00308.x","article-title":"Orchestration of occludins, claudins, catenins and cadherins as players involved in maintenance of the blood-epididymal barrier in animals and humans","volume":"9","author":"Cyr","year":"2007","journal-title":"Asian Journal of Andrology"},{"key":"2026010713144058500_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"993","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.104.029801","article-title":"Compartmentalization of prion isoforms within the reproductive tract of the ram","volume":"71","author":"Ecroyd","year":"2004","journal-title":"Biology of Reproduction"},{"key":"2026010713144058500_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1042\/BJ20050459","article-title":"The epididymal soluble prion protein forms a high molecular weight complex in association with hydrophobic proteins","volume":"392","author":"Ecroyd","year":"2005","journal-title":"The Biochemical Journal"},{"key":"2026010713144058500_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1007\/s007050050516","article-title":"Genetic susceptibility and transmission factors in scrapie: detailed analysis of an epidemic in a closed flock of Romanov","volume":"144","author":"Elsen","year":"1999","journal-title":"Archives of Virology"},{"key":"2026010713144058500_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod67.2.393","article-title":"Prion protein is secreted in soluble forms in the epididymal fluid and proteolytically processed and transported in seminal plasma","volume":"67","author":"Gatti","year":"2002","journal-title":"Biology of Reproduction"},{"key":"2026010713144058500_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1452","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.104.036426","article-title":"Identification, proteomic profiling, and origin of ram epididymal fluid exosome-like vesicles","volume":"72","author":"Gatti","year":"2005","journal-title":"Biology of Reproduction"},{"key":"2026010713144058500_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"999","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)02719-7","article-title":"Transmission of BSE by blood transfusion in sheep","volume":"356","author":"Houston","year":"2000","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2026010713144058500_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-1656(99)00115-7","article-title":"Generation of monoclonal antibodies against prion proteins with an unconventional nucleic acid-based immunization strategy","volume":"73","author":"Krasemann","year":"1999","journal-title":"Journal of Biotechnology"},{"key":"2026010713144058500_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1056","DOI":"10.1099\/vir.0.82218-0","article-title":"Dynamics and genetics of PrPSc placental accumulation in sheep","volume":"88","author":"Lacroux","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of General Virology"},{"key":"2026010713144058500_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1126\/science.275.5298.402","article-title":"Transmission of the BSE agent to mice in the absence of detectable abnormal prion protein","volume":"275","author":"Lasmezas","year":"1997","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2026010713144058500_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-007-6370-1","article-title":"Scavenger, transducer, RNA chaperone? What ligands of the prion protein teach us about its function","volume":"64","author":"Marc","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences"},{"key":"2026010713144058500_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1038\/425035a","article-title":"Prion disease: horizontal prion transmission in mule deer","volume":"425","author":"Miller","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2026010713144058500_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43071","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M206357200","article-title":"The human \u2018prion-like\u2019 protein Doppel is expressed in both Sertoli cells and spermatozoa","volume":"277","author":"Peoc'h","year":"2002","journal-title":"Journal of Biological Chemistry"},{"key":"2026010713144058500_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1516","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200105173442006","article-title":"Shattuck lecture\u2013neurodegenerative diseases and prions","volume":"344","author":"Prusiner","year":"2001","journal-title":"New England Journal of Medicine"},{"key":"2026010713144058500_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/path.1977","article-title":"What can we learn from the oral intake of prions by sheep?","volume":"209","author":"Sales","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Pathology"},{"key":"2026010713144058500_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32153","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.274.45.32153","article-title":"A C-terminal-truncated PrP isoform is present in mature sperm","volume":"274","author":"Shaked","year":"1999","journal-title":"Journal of Biological Chemistry"},{"key":"2026010713144058500_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.2164\/jandrol.106.000216","article-title":"Relative levels of semen platelet activating factor-receptor (PAFr) and ubiquitin in yearling bulls with high content of semen white blood cells: implications for breeding soundness evaluation","volume":"28","author":"Sutovsky","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Andrology"},{"key":"2026010713144058500_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(95)90236-8","article-title":"Prion propagation in mice expressing human and chimeric PrP transgenes implicates the interaction of cellular PrP with another protein","volume":"83","author":"Telling","year":"1995","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"2026010713144058500_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1051\/rnd:2005016","article-title":"The zootechnical applications of biotechnology in animal reproduction: current methods and perspectives","volume":"45","author":"Thibier","year":"2005","journal-title":"Reproduction, Nutrition, Development"},{"key":"2026010713144058500_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e66","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.0030066","article-title":"Accumulation of pathological prion protein PrPSc in the skin of animals with experimental and natural scrapie","volume":"3","author":"Thomzig","year":"2007","journal-title":"PLoS Pathogens"},{"key":"2026010713144058500_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5977","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.75.13.5977-5984.2001","article-title":"Markedly increased susceptibility to natural sheep scrapie of transgenic mice expressing ovine prp","volume":"75","author":"Vilotte","year":"2001","journal-title":"Journal of Virology"},{"key":"2026010713144058500_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.20506\/rst.16.1.1016","article-title":"Risks of transmitting scrapie and bovine spongiform encephalopathy by semen and embryos","volume":"16","author":"Wrathall","year":"1997","journal-title":"Revue Scientifique et Technique"}],"container-title":["REPRODUCTION"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/rep.bioscientifica.com\/view\/journals\/rep\/135\/3\/415.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/reproduction\/article-pdf\/135\/3\/415\/64611624\/415.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/reproduction\/article-pdf\/135\/3\/415\/64611624\/415.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,7]],"date-time":"2026-01-07T18:28:52Z","timestamp":1767810532000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/reproduction\/article\/135\/3\/415\/8252757"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,3,1]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,3,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/rep-07-0388","relation":{},"ISSN":["1470-1626","1741-7899"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1470-1626","type":"print"},{"value":"1741-7899","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2008,3,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,3,1]]}}}