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In clinical trials, a single low dose of mifepristone, given to Implanon users at the beginning of a bleeding episode reduced the number of bleeding days by \u223c50% compared with controls. In this study, a single dose of mifepristone was administered to etonogestrel (ENG)-exposed pseudo-pregnant mice, 5 days after artificial decidualization was induced when the endometrium showed signs of bleeding. Control mice received vehicle alone. Mice were culled 12-, 18-, 24- and 48-h post-treatment. In the continued presence of ENG, a single dose of mifepristone stimulated tissue breakdown followed by very rapid repair: most treated tissues were fully restored to the pre-decidualized state by 48 h post-treatment. During repair, proliferating cells (Ki67 immunostained) were localized to a band of cells around the basal area in breaking down tissues and to the repairing luminal epithelium and glands. Progesterone receptor-positive cells were largely localized to the basal area of the breaking down tissue in treated mice compared with decidual cells in controls. Oestrogen receptor-positive cells were observed in the repairing luminal epithelium and glands compared with the decidua and the basal region in control tissues. It is concluded that mifepristone treatment stimulates rapid restoration of luminal epithelial integrity: such action may be a key event in reducing the number of bleeding days observed in women using Implanon who were treated with a single dose of mifepristone.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1530\/rep-08-0076","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,5,22]],"date-time":"2008-05-22T20:34:14Z","timestamp":1211488454000},"page":"267-274","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/crossmarkpolicy-11","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Stimulation of epithelial repair is a likely mechanism for the action of mifepristone in reducing duration of bleeding in users of progestogen-only contraceptives"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"136","author":[{"given":"Naomi B","family":"Morison","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Prince Henry's Institute Level 4 Block E, Monash Medical Centre, 246 Clayton Rd, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia 2Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia 3Sydney Centre for Reproductive Health Research FPA Health, Ashfield, New South Wales 2131, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tu'uhevaha J","family":"Kaitu'u-Lino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Prince Henry's Institute Level 4 Block E, Monash Medical Centre, 246 Clayton Rd, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia 2Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia 3Sydney Centre for Reproductive Health Research FPA Health, Ashfield, New South Wales 2131, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ian S","family":"Fraser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Prince Henry's Institute Level 4 Block E, Monash Medical Centre, 246 Clayton Rd, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia 2Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia 3Sydney Centre for Reproductive Health Research FPA Health, Ashfield, New South Wales 2131, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lois A","family":"Salamonsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Prince Henry's Institute Level 4 Block E, Monash Medical Centre, 246 Clayton Rd, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia 2Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia 3Sydney Centre for Reproductive Health Research FPA Health, Ashfield, New South Wales 2131, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,8,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"Supplement 2","key":"2026010712482444100_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/11.suppl_2.24","article-title":"Management of irregular uterine bleeding and spotting associated with Norplant","volume":"11","author":"Archer","year":"1996","journal-title":"Human Reproduction"},{"key":"2026010712482444100_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1273","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.103.016550","article-title":"Mimicking the events of menstruation in the murine uterus","volume":"69","author":"Brasted","year":"2003","journal-title":"Biology of Reproduction"},{"key":"2026010712482444100_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1969","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/15.9.1969","article-title":"Once a month administration of mifepristone improves bleeding patterns in women using subdermal contraceptive implants releasing levonorgestrel","volume":"15","author":"Cheng","year":"2000","journal-title":"Human Reproduction"},{"key":"2026010712482444100_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1061","DOI":"10.1016\/j.steroids.2003.07.001","article-title":"Antiprogestins as a model for progesterone withdrawal","volume":"68","author":"Critchley","year":"2003","journal-title":"Steroids"},{"issue":"Supplement 3","key":"2026010712482444100_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/15.suppl_3.24","article-title":"Management of vaginal bleeding irregularities induced by progestin-only contraceptives","volume":"15","author":"d'Arcangues","year":"2000","journal-title":"Human Reproduction"},{"key":"2026010712482444100_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(01)02997-1","article-title":"Administration of an antiprogesterone up-regulates estrogen receptors in the endometrium of women using Norplant: a pilot study","volume":"77","author":"Glasier","year":"2002","journal-title":"Fertility and Sterility"},{"key":"2026010712482444100_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2428","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/17.9.2428","article-title":"Surface vascularization and endometrial appearance in women with menorrhagia or using levonorgestrel contraceptive implants. 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