{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T01:00:05Z","timestamp":1790902805143,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,1]],"date-time":"2010-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1262304000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["rep.bioscientifica.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To elucidate the role of the mouse gene Tcte3 (Tctex2), which encodes a putative light chain of the outer dynein arm of cilia and sperm flagella, we have inactivated this gene in mice using targeted disruption. Breeding of heterozygous males and females resulted in normal litter size; however, we were not able to detect homozygous Tcte3-deficent mice using standard genotype techniques. In fact, our results indicate the presence of at least three highly similar copies of the Tcte3 gene (Tcte3-1, Tcte3-2, and Tcte3-3) in the murine genome. Therefore, quantitative real-time PCR was established to differentiate between mice having one or two targeted Tcte3-3 alleles. By this approach, Tcte3-3\u2212\/\u2212 animals were identified, which were viable and revealed no obvious malformation. Interestingly, some homozygous Tcte3-3-deficient male mice bred with wild-type female produced no offspring while other Tcte3-3-deficient males revealed decreased sperm motility but were fertile. In infertile Tcte3-3\u2212\/\u2212 males, spermatogenesis was affected and sperm motility was reduced, too, resulting in decreased ability of Tcte3-3-deficient spermatozoa to move from the uterus into the oviduct. Impaired flagellar motility is not correlated with any gross defects in the axonemal structure, since outer dynein arms are detectable in sperm of Tcte3-3\u2212\/\u2212 males. However, in infertile males, deficient Tcte3-3 function is correlated with increased apoptosis during male germ cell development, resulting in a reduction of sperm number. Moreover, multiple malformations in developing haploid germ cells are present. Our results support a role of Tcte3-3 in generation of sperm motility as well as in male germ cell differentiation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1530\/rep-09-0243","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,25]],"date-time":"2009-09-25T08:52:56Z","timestamp":1253868776000},"page":"99-111","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/crossmarkpolicy-1","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Disruption of the murine dynein light chain gene\n                    <i>Tcte3-3<\/i>\n                    results in asthenozoospermia"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"139","author":[{"given":"Sajid","family":"Rashid","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Human Genetics University of Goettingen, 37073 Goettingen, Germany 2Department of Medical Genetics Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria 3Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology University of Giessen, 35378 Giessen, Germany 4Department of Genetics and Evolution Institute of Zoology, Jagiellonian University, Ingardena 6, 30060 Krakow, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pawel","family":"Grzmil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Human Genetics University of Goettingen, 37073 Goettingen, Germany 2Department of Medical Genetics Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria 3Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology University of Giessen, 35378 Giessen, Germany 4Department of Genetics and Evolution Institute of Zoology, Jagiellonian University, Ingardena 6, 30060 Krakow, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joerg-Detlef","family":"Drenckhahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Human Genetics University of Goettingen, 37073 Goettingen, Germany 2Department of Medical Genetics Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria 3Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology University of Giessen, 35378 Giessen, Germany 4Department of Genetics and Evolution Institute of Zoology, Jagiellonian University, Ingardena 6, 30060 Krakow, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Meinhardt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Human Genetics University of Goettingen, 37073 Goettingen, Germany 2Department of Medical Genetics Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria 3Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology University of Giessen, 35378 Giessen, Germany 4Department of Genetics and Evolution Institute of Zoology, Jagiellonian University, Ingardena 6, 30060 Krakow, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ibrahim","family":"Adham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Human Genetics University of Goettingen, 37073 Goettingen, Germany 2Department of Medical Genetics Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria 3Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology University of Giessen, 35378 Giessen, Germany 4Department of Genetics and Evolution Institute of Zoology, Jagiellonian University, Ingardena 6, 30060 Krakow, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wolfgang","family":"Engel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Human Genetics University of Goettingen, 37073 Goettingen, Germany 2Department of Medical Genetics Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria 3Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology University of Giessen, 35378 Giessen, Germany 4Department of Genetics and Evolution Institute of Zoology, Jagiellonian University, Ingardena 6, 30060 Krakow, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juergen","family":"Neesen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Human Genetics University of Goettingen, 37073 Goettingen, Germany 2Department of Medical Genetics Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria 3Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology University of Giessen, 35378 Giessen, Germany 4Department 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