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The growing conceptus synthesizes and secretes prostaglandins (PGs) and interferon \u03c4 (IFNT). Our hypothesis was that the ovoid conceptus exerts a local effect on the endometrium prior to maternal recognition of pregnancy on day 16 in cattle. In study one, synchronized cyclic heifers received no blastocysts or 20 in vitro-produced blastocysts on day 7 and their uteri were collected on day 13. IFNT was not detected by RIA in the uterine flushing samples of pregnant heifers containing multiple ovoid conceptuses; however, total PG levels were higher in the uterine lumen of pregnant heifers than in that of cyclic heifers. Microarray analysis revealed that the expression of 44 genes was increased in the endometria of day 13 pregnant heifers when compared with that in the endometria of cyclic heifers, and many of these genes were classical Type I IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs). In studies two and three, the effects of infusing PGs at the levels produced by the elongating day 14 conceptus into the uterine lumen of cyclic ewes on ISG expression in the endometrium were determined. Results indicated that the infusion of PGs increased the abundance of several ISGs in the endometrium. These studies support the hypothesis that the day 13 conceptus secretes PGs that act locally in a paracrine manner to alter gene expression in the endometrium prior to pregnancy recognition in cattle.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1530\/rep-13-0165","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,22]],"date-time":"2013-08-22T00:01:31Z","timestamp":1377129691000},"page":"377-387","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/crossmarkpolicy-1","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":98,"title":["Conceptus-derived prostaglandins regulate gene expression in the endometrium prior to pregnancy recognition in ruminants"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"146","author":[{"given":"Thomas E","family":"Spencer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Niamh","family":"Forde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Sciences \u00a0 Center for Reproductive Biology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA 1 \u00a0 University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland 2 \u00a0 Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA"},{"name":"School of Agriculture and Food Science \u00a0 Center for Reproductive Biology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA 1 \u00a0 University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland 2 \u00a0 Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA"},{"name":"Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology Laboratory \u00a0 Center for Reproductive Biology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA 1 \u00a0 University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland 2 \u00a0 Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Piotr","family":"Dorniak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas R","family":"Hansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Sciences \u00a0 Center for Reproductive Biology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA 1 \u00a0 University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland 2 \u00a0 Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA"},{"name":"School of Agriculture and Food Science \u00a0 Center for Reproductive Biology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA 1 \u00a0 University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland 2 \u00a0 Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA"},{"name":"Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology Laboratory \u00a0 Center for Reproductive Biology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA 1 \u00a0 University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland 2 \u00a0 Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jared J","family":"Romero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Sciences \u00a0 Center for Reproductive Biology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA 1 \u00a0 University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland 2 \u00a0 Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA"},{"name":"School of Agriculture and Food Science \u00a0 Center for Reproductive Biology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA 1 \u00a0 University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland 2 \u00a0 Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA"},{"name":"Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology Laboratory \u00a0 Center for Reproductive Biology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA 1 \u00a0 University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland 2 \u00a0 Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Lonergan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Sciences \u00a0 Center for Reproductive Biology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA 1 \u00a0 University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland 2 \u00a0 Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, 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