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TNF-alpha-induced protein 8-like-2 (TIPE2) is a novel in\ufb02ammation regulator; however, there are no studies on the role of TIPE2 in human labor. We report that in myometrium, there is decreased TIPE2 mRNA expression during late gestation which was further decreased in labor. In fetal membranes, TIPE2 mRNA expression was decreased with both term and preterm labor compared to no labor samples. Knockdown of TIPE2 by siRNA in primary myometrium and amnion cells was associated with an augmentation of IL1B and TNF-induced expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines; expression of contraction-associated proteins and secretion of the uterotonic prostaglandin PGF2\u03b1 and expression of extracellular matrix degrading enzymes. In TIPE2-deficient myometrial cells treated with inhibitors of NF-\u03baB or ERK1\/2, the secretion of pro-labor mediators was reduced back to control levels. In conclusion, these in vitro experiments indicate that loss of TIPE2 exacerbates the inflammatory response.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1530\/rep-19-0063","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,25]],"date-time":"2019-04-25T09:22:32Z","timestamp":1556184152000},"page":"95-107","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/crossmarkpolicy-1","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Novel anti-inflammatory actions of TIPE2 in human primary amnion and myometrial cells"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"158","author":[{"given":"Ratana","family":"Lim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Mercy Perinatal Research Centre , Mercy Hospital for Women, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia"},{"name":"Obstetrics , Nutrition and Endocrinology Group, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Victoria, 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