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Although one study demonstrated that glucocorticoids triggered apoptosis in ovarian cells and oocytes by activating the FasL\/Fas system, other studies suggested that they might induce apoptosis through activating other signaling pathways as well. In this study, both in vivo and in vitro experiments were conducted to test the hypothesis that glucocorticoids might trigger apoptosis in oocytes and ovarian cells through activating the TNF-\u03b1 system. The results showed that cortisol injection of female mice (1.) impaired oocyte developmental potential and mitochondrial membrane potential with increased oxidative stress; (2.) induced apoptosis in mural granulosa cells (MGCs) with increased oxidative stress in the ovary; and (3.) activated the TNF-\u03b1 system in both ovaries and oocytes. Culture with corticosterone induced apoptosis and activated the TNF-\u03b1 system in MGCs. Knockdown or knockout of TNF-\u03b1 significantly ameliorated the pro-apoptotic effects of glucocorticoids on oocytes and MGCs. However, culture with corticosterone downregulated TNF-\u03b1 expression significantly in oviductal epithelial cells. Together, the results demonstrated that glucocorticoids impaired oocyte competence and triggered apoptosis in ovarian cells through activating the TNF-\u03b1 system and that the effect of glucocorticoids on TNF-\u03b1 expression might vary between cell types.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1530\/rep-20-0025","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,24]],"date-time":"2020-04-24T11:56:44Z","timestamp":1587729404000},"page":"129-140","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/crossmarkpolicy-11","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Glucocorticoids impair oocyte competence and trigger apoptosis of ovarian cells via activating the TNF-\u03b1 system"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"160","author":[{"given":"Hong-Jie","family":"Yuan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention , College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai\u2019an 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