{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]],"date-time":"2026-04-17T19:09:04Z","timestamp":1776452944377,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":94,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,27]],"date-time":"2022-06-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1656288000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["rep.bioscientifica.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Although a non-malignant gynecological disorder, endometriosis displays some pathogenic features of malignancy, such as cell proliferation, migration, invasion and adaptation to hypoxia. Current treatments of endometriosis include pharmacotherapy and\/or surgery, which are of limited efficacy and often associated with adverse side effects. Therefore, to develop more effective therapies to treat this disease, a broader understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms that underpin endometriosis needs to be attained. Using immortalized human endometriotic epithelial and stromal cell lines, we demonstrate that the early growth response 1 (EGR1) transcription factor is essential for cell proliferation, migration and invasion, which represent some of the pathogenic properties of endometriotic cells. Genome-wide transcriptomics identified an EGR1-dependent transcriptome in human endometriotic epithelial cells that potentially encodes a diverse spectrum of proteins that are known to be involved in tissue pathologies. To underscore the utility of this transcriptomic data set, we demonstrate that carbonic anhydrase 9 (CA9), a homeostatic regulator of intracellular pH, is not only a molecular target of EGR1 but is also important for maintaining many of the cellular properties of human endometriotic epithelial cells that are also ascribed to EGR1. Considering therapeutic intervention strategies are actively being developed for EGR1 and CAIX in the treatment of other pathologies, we believe EGR1 and its transcriptome (which includes CA9) will offer not only a new conceptual framework to advance our understanding of endometriosis but will also furnish new molecular vulnerabilities to be leveraged as potential therapeutic options in the future treatment of endometriosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1530\/rep-22-0123","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,9]],"date-time":"2022-06-09T12:36:37Z","timestamp":1654778197000},"page":"41-54","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/crossmarkpolicy-11","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Early growth response 1 transcription factor is essential for the pathogenic properties of human endometriotic epithelial cells"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"164","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4083-6331","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vineet K","family":"Maurya","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology , Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria M","family":"Szwarc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology , Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rodrigo","family":"Fernandez-Valdivia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology , Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David M","family":"Lonard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology , Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Song","family":"Yong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics , Gynecology & Reproductive Biology, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, Michigan, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2334-6819","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Niraj","family":"Joshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics , Gynecology & Reproductive Biology, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, Michigan, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Asgerally T","family":"Fazleabas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics , Gynecology & Reproductive Biology, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, Michigan, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6472-636X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John P","family":"Lydon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology , Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026010712090029300_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1136\/jclinpath-2020-207073","article-title":"Carbonic anhydrase IX: a regulator of pH and participant in carcinogenesi","volume":"74","author":"Aldera","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Pathology"},{"key":"2026010712090029300_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btu638","article-title":"HTSeq\u2013a Python framework to work with high-throughput sequencing data","volume":"31","author":"Anders","year":"2015","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"2026010712090029300_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/metabo10100412","article-title":"Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors targeting metabolism and tumor microenvironment","volume":"10","author":"Angeli","year":"2020","journal-title":"Metabolites"},{"key":"2026010712090029300_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1038\/s41416-019-0642-z","article-title":"Carbonic anhydrase IX and acid transport in cancer","volume":"122","author":"Becker","year":"2020","journal-title":"British Journal of Cancer"},{"key":"2026010712090029300_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2020.01462","article-title":"CA IX stabilizes intracellular pH to maintain metabolic reprogramming and proliferation in hypoxia","volume":"10","author":"Benej","year":"2020","journal-title":"Frontiers in Oncology"},{"key":"2026010712090029300_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2517-6161.1995.tb02031.x","article-title":"Controlling the false discovery rate: a practical and powerful approach to multiple testing","volume":"57","author":"Benjamini","year":"1995","journal-title":"Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series B"},{"key":"2026010712090029300_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.1016\/s0022-2836(0200917-8","article-title":"Probabilistic code for DNA recognition by proteins of the EGR family","volume":"323","author":"Benos","year":"2002","journal-title":"Journal of Molecular Biology"},{"key":"2026010712090029300_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1016\/s0015-0282(0001752-0","article-title":"Interleukin 1beta, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in endometriotic tissue and in endometrium","volume":"75","author":"Bergqvist","year":"2001","journal-title":"Fertility and Sterility"},{"key":"2026010712090029300_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matbio.2011.03.005","article-title":"Early growth response transcription factors: key mediators of fibrosis and novel targets for anti-fibrotic therapy","volume":"30","author":"Bhattacharyya","year":"2011","journal-title":"Matrix Biology"},{"key":"2026010712090029300_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1205","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.2012.26","article-title":"Creation of immortalised epithelial cells from ovarian endometrioma","volume":"106","author":"Bono","year":"2012","journal-title":"British Journal of Cancer"},{"key":"2026010712090029300_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1048","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2018-00242","article-title":"Endometriosis","volume":"40","author":"Bulun","year":"2019","journal-title":"Endocrine Reviews"},{"key":"2026010712090029300_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-46170-3","article-title":"MicroRNA-214 targets PTK6 to inhibit tumorigenic potential and increase drug sensitivity of prostate cancer cells","volume":"9","author":"Cagle","year":"2019","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"},{"key":"2026010712090029300_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"823","DOI":"10.1016\/0145-2126(8890036-7","article-title":"Use of the MTT assay for rapid determination of chemosensitivity of human leukemic blast cells","volume":"12","author":"Campling","year":"1988","journal-title":"Leukemia Research"},{"key":"2026010712090029300_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jri.2012.06.001","article-title":"Ovarian endometrioma but not deep infiltrating endometriosis is associated with increased serum levels of interleukin-8 and interleukin-6","volume":"95","author":"Carmona","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Reproductive Immunology"},{"key":"2026010712090029300_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21082983","article-title":"Pharmacological inhibition of CA-IX impairs tumor cell proliferation, migration and invasiveness","volume":"21","author":"Ciccone","year":"2020","journal-title":"International Journal of Molecular Sciences"},{"key":"2026010712090029300_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1927","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.24358","article-title":"Transcriptional profiling of endometriosis tissues identifies genes related to organogenesis defects","volume":"228","author":"Crispi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Cellular Physiology"},{"key":"2026010712090029300_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1111\/boc.201900099","article-title":"The roles of carbonic anhydrases IX and XII in cancer cell adhesion, migration, invasion and metastasis","volume":"112","author":"Daunys","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biology of the Cell"},{"key":"2026010712090029300_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(1656957-X","article-title":"Development of a model of retrograde menstruation in baboons (Papio Anubis)","volume":"62","author":"D\u2019Hooghe","year":"1994","journal-title":"Fertility and Sterility"},{"key":"2026010712090029300_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/5478574","article-title":"The new biomarker for cervical squamous cell carcinoma and endocervical adenocarcinoma (CESC) based on public database mining","volume":"2020","author":"Ding","year":"2020","journal-title":"BioMed Research International"},{"key":"2026010712090029300_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/bts635","article-title":"STAR: ultrafast universal RNA-seq aligner","volume":"29","author":"Dobin","year":"2013","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"2026010712090029300_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1016\/s0889-8545(0570302-8","article-title":"Epidemiology of endometriosis","volume":"24","author":"Eskenazi","year":"1997","journal-title":"Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics of North America"},{"key":"2026010712090029300_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1385\/1-59259-983-4:093","article-title":"A baboon model for inducing endometriosis","volume":"121","author":"Fazleabas","year":"2006","journal-title":"Methods in Molecular Medicine"},{"key":"2026010712090029300_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1385\/1-59259-983-4:099","article-title":"A baboon model for simulating pregnancy","volume":"121","author":"Fazleabas","year":"2006","journal-title":"Methods in Molecular Medicine"},{"key":"2026010712090029300_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2002.tb02791.x","article-title":"A modified baboon model for endometriosis","volume":"955","author":"Fazleabas","year":"2002","journal-title":"Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences"},{"key":"2026010712090029300_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1016\/s0079-6603(0860815-6","article-title":"Early growth response protein 1 (Egr-1): prototype of a zinc-finger family of transcription factors","volume":"50","author":"Gashler","year":"1995","journal-title":"Progress in Nucleic Acid Research and Molecular Biology"},{"key":"2026010712090029300_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2389","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcp1000274","article-title":"Clinical practice. Endometriosis","volume":"362","author":"Giudice","year":"2010","journal-title":"New England Journal of Medicine"},{"key":"2026010712090029300_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2016.11.020","article-title":"Research techniques made simple: analysis of collective cell migration using the wound healing assay","volume":"137","author":"Grada","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Investigative Dermatology"},{"key":"2026010712090029300_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1007\/s00280-017-3382-x","article-title":"A phase I\/II trial and pharmacokinetic study of mithramycin in children and adults with refractory Ewing sarcoma and EWS-FLI1 fusion transcript","volume":"80","author":"Grohar","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology"},{"key":"2026010712090029300_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2626","DOI":"10.4161\/15384101.2014.943581","article-title":"Expression, regulation and function of Egr1 during implantation and decidualization in mice","volume":"13","author":"Guo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cell Cycle"},{"key":"2026010712090029300_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4590","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.181.7.4590","article-title":"Early growth response genes regulate B cell development, proliferation, and immune response","volume":"181","author":"Gururajan","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Immunology"},{"key":"2026010712090029300_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1102","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.2826","article-title":"A new isoform of steroid receptor coactivator-1 is crucial for pathogenic progression of endometriosis","volume":"18","author":"Han","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nature Medicine"},{"key":"2026010712090029300_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2021.680132","article-title":"The role of early growth response family members 1\u20134 in prognostic value of breast cancer","volume":"12","author":"Hao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Frontiers in Genetics"},{"key":"2026010712090029300_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1479-7364-7-22","article-title":"Update of the human and mouse SERPIN gene superfamily","volume":"7","author":"Heit","year":"2013","journal-title":"Human Genomics"},{"key":"2026010712090029300_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12451","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0703451104","article-title":"Human endometriosis is associated with plasma cells and overexpression of B lymphocyte stimulator","volume":"104","author":"Hever","year":"2007","journal-title":"PNAS"},{"key":"2026010712090029300_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1093\/intimm\/dxaa078","article-title":"IL-6 in inflammation, autoimmunity and cancer","volume":"33","author":"Hirano","year":"2021","journal-title":"International Immunology"},{"key":"2026010712090029300_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2008.211","article-title":"Systematic and integrative analysis of large gene lists using DAVID bioinformatics resources","volume":"4","author":"Huang da","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nature Protocols"},{"key":"2026010712090029300_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3791\/51046","article-title":"In vitro cell migration and invasion assays","author":"Justus","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Visualized Experiments"},{"key":"2026010712090029300_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2014.10.010","article-title":"Egr1 is rapidly and transiently induced by estrogen and bisphenol a via activation of nuclear estrogen receptor-dependent ERK1\/2 pathway in the uterus","volume":"50","author":"Kim","year":"2014","journal-title":"Reproductive Toxicology"},{"key":"2026010712090029300_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1184","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.201700854RR","article-title":"Estrogen induces EGR1 to fine-tune its actions on uterine epithelium by controlling PR signaling for successful embryo implantation","volume":"32","author":"Kim","year":"2018","journal-title":"FASEB Journal"},{"key":"2026010712090029300_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"C42","DOI":"10.1530\/RAF-21-0053","article-title":"Nonhormonal therapy for endometriosis based on energy metabolism regulation","volume":"2","author":"Kobayashi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Reproduction and Fertility"},{"key":"2026010712090029300_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1003900","article-title":"Acceleration of the glycolytic flux by steroid receptor coactivator-2 is essential for endometrial decidualization","volume":"9","author":"Kommagani","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS Genetics"},{"key":"2026010712090029300_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1005937","article-title":"The promyelocytic leukemia zinc finger transcription factor is critical for human endometrial stromal cell decidualization","volume":"12","author":"Kommagani","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS Genetics"},{"key":"2026010712090029300_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1219","DOI":"10.1126\/science.273.5279.1219","article-title":"Luteinizing hormone deficiency and female infertility in mice lacking the transcription factor NGFI-A (Egr-1)","volume":"273","author":"Lee","year":"1996","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2026010712090029300_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2793","DOI":"10.3892\/ijmm.2018.3840","article-title":"Systematic analysis of hsa-miR-363 gene overexpression pattern in endometrial stromal cells","volume":"42","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"International Journal of Molecular Medicine"},{"key":"2026010712090029300_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biochi.2018.12.003","article-title":"MiR-204-5p promotes apoptosis and inhibits migration of osteosarcoma via targeting EBF2","volume":"158","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biochimie"},{"key":"2026010712090029300_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"F19","DOI":"10.1530\/REP-20-0267","article-title":"HYPOXIA AND REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH: The role of hypoxia in the development and progression of endometriosis","volume":"161","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Reproduction"},{"key":"2026010712090029300_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23534","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M114.588897","article-title":"Egr1 protein acts downstream of estrogen-leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF)-STAT3 pathway and plays a role during implantation through targeting Wnt4","volume":"289","author":"Liang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Biological Chemistry"},{"key":"2026010712090029300_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1739","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btr260","article-title":"Molecular signatures database (MSigDB) 3.0","volume":"27","author":"Liberzon","year":"2011","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"2026010712090029300_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cpr.12922","article-title":"EGR1-mediated linc01503 promotes cell cycle progression and tumorigenesis in gastric cancer","volume":"54","author":"Ma","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell Proliferation"},{"key":"2026010712090029300_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1993.tb32272.x","article-title":"Positive and negative regulation of transcription and cell growth mediated by the EGR family of zinc-finger gene products","volume":"684","author":"Madden","year":"1993","journal-title":"Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences"},{"key":"2026010712090029300_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15252\/msb.20188339","article-title":"Linking aberrant chromatin features in chronic lymphocytic leukemia to transcription factor networks","volume":"15","author":"Mallm","year":"2019","journal-title":"Molecular Systems Biology"},{"key":"2026010712090029300_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1097\/COC.0000000000000691","article-title":"A phase 1 study of SLC-0111, a novel inhibitor of carbonic anhydrase IX, in patients with advanced solid tumors","volume":"43","author":"McDonald","year":"2020","journal-title":"American Journal of Clinical Oncology"},{"key":"2026010712090029300_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1038\/ng1180","article-title":"PGC-1alpha-responsive genes involved in oxidative phosphorylation are coordinately downregulated in human diabetes","volume":"34","author":"Mootha","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nature Genetics"},{"key":"2026010712090029300_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6874-14-123","article-title":"Impact of endometriosis on women\u2019s lives: a qualitative study","volume":"14","author":"Moradi","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Women\u2019s Health"},{"key":"2026010712090029300_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-1759(8390303-4","article-title":"Rapid colorimetric assay for cellular growth and survival: application to proliferation and cytotoxicity assays","volume":"65","author":"Mosmann","year":"1983","journal-title":"Journal of Immunological Methods"},{"key":"2026010712090029300_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-16828-y","article-title":"An Erg-driven transcriptional program controls B cell lymphopoiesis","volume":"11","author":"Ng","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nature Communications"},{"key":"2026010712090029300_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/s0166-2236(9801343-5","article-title":"The EGR family of transcription-regulatory factors: progress at the interface of molecular and systems neuroscience","volume":"22","author":"O\u2019Donovan","year":"1999","journal-title":"Trends in Neurosciences"},{"key":"2026010712090029300_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1434.007","article-title":"Endometriosis and infertility: epidemiology and evidence-based treatments","volume":"1127","author":"Ozkan","year":"2008","journal-title":"Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences"},{"key":"2026010712090029300_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2014.08.002","article-title":"Hypoxia-induced carbonic anhydrase IX as a target for cancer therapy: from biology to clinical use","volume":"31","author":"Pastorek","year":"2015","journal-title":"Seminars in Cancer Biology"},{"key":"2026010712090029300_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1007\/s10555-019-09799-0","article-title":"The role of carbonic anhydrase IX in cancer development: links to hypoxia, acidosis, and beyond","volume":"38","author":"Pastorekova","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cancer Metastasis Reviews"},{"key":"2026010712090029300_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2019.00107","article-title":"In vitro cell migration, invasion, and adhesion assays: from cell imaging to data analysis","volume":"7","author":"Pijuan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology"},{"key":"2026010712090029300_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"In press","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2022.01.001","article-title":"Carbonic anhydrase IX: a tumor acidification switch in heterogeneity and chemokine regulation","author":"Queen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Seminars in Cancer Biology"},{"key":"2026010712090029300_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btp616","article-title":"edgeR: a Bioconductor package for differential expression analysis of digital gene expression data","volume":"26","author":"Robinson","year":"2010","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"2026010712090029300_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2105-8-426","article-title":"DAVID KnowledgeBase: a gene-centered database integrating heterogeneous gene annotation resources to facilitate high-throughput gene functional analysis","volume":"8","author":"Sherman","year":"2007","journal-title":"BMC Bioinformatics"},{"key":"2026010712090029300_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1077","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.072207","article-title":"Carbonic anhydrase IX (CA9) modulates tumor-associated cell migration and invasion","volume":"124","author":"Shin","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Cell Science"},{"key":"2026010712090029300_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13045-018-0645-x","article-title":"The roles of metallothioneins in carcinogenesis","volume":"11","author":"Si","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Hematology and Oncology"},{"key":"2026010712090029300_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmm010","article-title":"Endometriosis: cost estimates and methodological perspective","volume":"13","author":"Simoens","year":"2007","journal-title":"Human Reproduction Update"},{"key":"2026010712090029300_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1177\/1933719112451147","article-title":"Tissue remodeling and nonendometrium-like menstrual cycling are hallmarks of peritoneal endometriosis lesions","volume":"20","author":"Sohler","year":"2013","journal-title":"Reproductive Sciences"},{"key":"2026010712090029300_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2082","DOI":"10.1007\/s43032-020-00228-0","article-title":"Establishment of an immortalized endometriotic stromal cell line from human ovarian endometrioma","volume":"27","author":"Song","year":"2020","journal-title":"Reproductive Sciences"},{"key":"2026010712090029300_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1316","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgaa096","article-title":"Interleukin-6 (IL-6) activates the NOTCH1 signaling pathway through E-proteins in endometriotic lesions","volume":"105","author":"Song","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism"},{"key":"2026010712090029300_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15545","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0506580102","article-title":"Gene set enrichment analysis: a knowledge-based approach for interpreting genome-wide expression profiles","volume":"102","author":"Subramanian","year":"2005","journal-title":"PNAS"},{"key":"2026010712090029300_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.V16859","article-title":"Early transcriptional events in cell growth: the Egr family","volume":"1","author":"Sukhatme","year":"1990","journal-title":"Journal of the American Society of Nephrology"},{"key":"2026010712090029300_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.2147\/JEP.S265620","article-title":"Experimental carbonic anhydrase inhibitors for the treatment of hypoxic tumors","volume":"12","author":"Supuran","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Pharmacology"},{"key":"2026010712090029300_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2275","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.15.4.2275","article-title":"DNA-binding specificity of NGFI-A and related zinc finger transcription factors","volume":"15","author":"Swirnoff","year":"1995","journal-title":"Molecular and Cellular Biology"},{"key":"2026010712090029300_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1093\/biolre\/iox161","article-title":"Human endometrial stromal cell decidualization requires transcriptional reprogramming by PLZF","volume":"98","author":"Szwarc","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biology of Reproduction"},{"key":"2026010712090029300_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1530\/REP-18-0282","article-title":"Retinoid signaling controlled by SRC-2 in decidualization revealed by transcriptomics","volume":"156","author":"Szwarc","year":"2018","journal-title":"Reproduction"},{"key":"2026010712090029300_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2019.01.021","article-title":"Early growth response 1 transcriptionally primes the human endometrial stromal cell for decidualization","volume":"189","author":"Szwarc","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology"},{"key":"2026010712090029300_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(2100389-5","article-title":"Endometriosis is a chronic systemic disease: clinical challenges and novel innovations","volume":"397","author":"Taylor","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2026010712090029300_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.1030660310","article-title":"The initiation of cell division in a contact-inhibited mammalian cell line","volume":"66","author":"Todaro","year":"1965","journal-title":"Journal of Cellular Physiology"},{"key":"2026010712090029300_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1210\/mend.12.1.0049","article-title":"Multiple pituitary and ovarian defects in Krox-24 (NGFI-A, Egr-1)-targeted mice","volume":"12","author":"Topilko","year":"1998","journal-title":"Molecular Endocrinology"},{"key":"2026010712090029300_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2021.642547","article-title":"The role of the transcription factor EGR1 in cancer","volume":"11","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Frontiers in Oncology"},{"key":"2026010712090029300_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/BSR20210055","article-title":"Early B-cell factors involve in the tumorigenesis and predict the overall survival of gastric cancer","volume":"41","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Bioscience Reports"},{"key":"2026010712090029300_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1016\/0888-7543(9090038-v","article-title":"Human metallothionein genes: structure of the functional locus at 16q13","volume":"8","author":"West","year":"1990","journal-title":"Genomics"},{"key":"2026010712090029300_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/pp-2018-0103","article-title":"Hypoxia, cytokines and stromal recruitment: parallels between pathophysiology of encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis, endometriosis and peritoneal metastasis","volume":"3","author":"Wilson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pleura and Peritoneum"},{"key":"2026010712090029300_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"752","DOI":"10.1210\/mend.13.5.0276","article-title":"Early growth response protein 1 binds to the luteinizing hormone-beta promoter and mediates gonadotropin-releasing hormone-stimulated gene expression","volume":"13","author":"Wolfe","year":"1999","journal-title":"Molecular Endocrinology"},{"key":"2026010712090029300_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1355","DOI":"10.1038\/82168","article-title":"Egr-1, a master switch coordinating upregulation of divergent gene families underlying ischemic stress","volume":"6","author":"Yan","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nature Medicine"},{"key":"2026010712090029300_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1908","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2017.12.031","article-title":"High expression of diffuse panbronchiolitis critical region 1 gene promotes cell proliferation, migration and invasion in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma","volume":"495","author":"Yan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications"},{"key":"2026010712090029300_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"In press","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-021-07250-5","article-title":"EGR1-CCL2 feedback loop maintains epithelial-mesenchymal transition of cisplatin-resistant gastric cancer cells and promotes tumor angiogenesis","author":"Yan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Digestive Diseases and Sciences"},{"key":"2026010712090029300_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12957-021-02335-x","article-title":"Identification and verification of HCAR3 and INSL5 as new potential therapeutic targets of colorectal cancer","volume":"19","author":"Yang","year":"2021","journal-title":"World Journal of Surgical Oncology"},{"key":"2026010712090029300_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1080\/13543776.2019.1629419","article-title":"Carbonic anhydrases as disease markers","volume":"29","author":"Zamanova","year":"2019","journal-title":"Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Patents"},{"key":"2026010712090029300_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"612","DOI":"10.1159\/000494183","article-title":"Tip60 suppresses cholangiocarcinoma proliferation and metastasis via PI3k-AKT","volume":"50","author":"Zhang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry"},{"key":"2026010712090029300_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-020-07155-y","article-title":"Suppressing Dazl modulates tumorigenicity and stemness in human glioblastoma cells","volume":"20","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"},{"key":"2026010712090029300_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5305","DOI":"10.1080\/21655979.2021.1964889","article-title":"Oncogenic role of early growth response-1 in liver cancer through the regulation of the microRNA-675\/sestrin 3 and the Wnt\/beta-catenin signaling pathway","volume":"12","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Bioengineered"},{"key":"2026010712090029300_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1007\/s13258-021-01064-5","article-title":"EGR1 promotes stemness and predicts a poor outcome of uterine cervical cancer by inducing SOX9 expression","volume":"43","author":"Zhao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Genes and Genomics"}],"container-title":["Reproduction"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/rep.bioscientifica.com\/view\/journals\/rep\/aop\/rep-22-0123\/rep-22-0123.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/reproduction\/article-pdf\/164\/2\/41\/64064639\/rep-22-0123.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/reproduction\/article-pdf\/164\/2\/41\/64064639\/rep-22-0123.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,7]],"date-time":"2026-01-07T17:09:11Z","timestamp":1767805751000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/reproduction\/article\/164\/2\/41\/8217126"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,27]]},"references-count":94,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/rep-22-0123","relation":{},"ISSN":["1470-1626","1741-7899"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1470-1626","type":"print"},{"value":"1741-7899","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,27]]}}}