{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T21:25:17Z","timestamp":1778621117134,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":131,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,20]],"date-time":"2025-03-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742428800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["rep.bioscientifica.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,20]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>In brief<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This review article summarizes the effects of pre- or peri-conceptual exposure to cannabinoids on female and male reproductive function, along with pregnancy outcomes from 2014 to 2024. In particular, it addresses the gaps in knowledge regarding the specific contributions of the major constituents of cannabis, THC and CBD, on reproduction.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>With increased use of cannabis worldwide, especially in our young adult population, there is a great impetus to understand the impact of cannabis and its constituents (i.e. THC and CBD) on pregnancy, fetal outcomes and male and female reproductive function. This review assessed the current evidence (2014\u20132024) regarding the effects of cannabinoids on reproductive function (male, female and pregnancy) in animal and human studies. In particular, pre- or periconceptual exposure to cannabinoids were assessed to determine their effects across the lifespan along with transgenerational effects. From the outcomes of this review, we conclude there is a greater need for future preclinical and clinical studies to assess how various routes of cannabinoid exposure along with differing mixtures of cannabinoid constituents may interact to impede reproductive health. Collectively, the outcomes of these studies are important to clinicians and regulatory agencies in the context of functional evidence to support policy and decision-making regarding the safety of cannabis use.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1530\/rep-24-0369","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,20]],"date-time":"2025-03-20T09:45:11Z","timestamp":1742463911000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/crossmarkpolicy-11","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["The impact of cannabinoids on reproductive function"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"169","author":[{"given":"Reese S","family":"Cameron","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Genevieve A","family":"Perono","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christian D","family":"Natale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Children\u2019s Health Research Institute, The Lawson Health Research Institute, Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Physiology and Pharmacology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James J","family":"Petrik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alison C","family":"Holloway","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5445-273X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Daniel B","family":"Hardy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Children\u2019s Health Research Institute, The Lawson Health Research Institute, Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Physiology and Pharmacology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","reference":[{"key":"bib1","series-title":"Sci Rep","article-title":"Epigenetic alterations in cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase (Por) in sperm of rats exposed to tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)","volume":"10","author":"Acharya KS","year":"2020","unstructured":"Acharya KS\n, \nSchrott R\n, \nGrenier C\n, et al.\n 2020 Epigenetic alterations in cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase (Por) in sperm of rats exposed to tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). 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