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Alterations in this pathway lead to the development of hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasias. However, little was known about the BMP9 signalling cascade until the last years. Recent reports have shown that while BMP9 arrests cell cycle, it promotes the activation of anabolic pathways to enhance endothelial maturation. In light of this evidence, a new criterion for the classification of cytokines is proposed here, based on the physiological objective of the activation of anabolic routes. Whether this activation by a growth factor is needed to sustain mitosis or to promote a specific function such as matrix formation is a critical characteristic that needs to be considered to classify growth factors. Hence, the state-of-the-art of BMP9\/ALK1 signalling is reviewed here, as well as its implications in normal and pathogenic angiogenesis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1530\/vb-21-0019","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,7]],"date-time":"2022-02-07T09:24:57Z","timestamp":1644225897000},"page":"R1-R14","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/crossmarkpolicy-12","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Rethinking growth factors: the case of BMP9 during vessel maturation"],"prefix":"10.1530","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Ferran","family":"Medina-Jover","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Program Against Cancer Therapeutic Resistance (ProCURE), Institut Catal\u00e0 d\u2019Oncologia, Hospital Duran i Reynals, L\u2019Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Molecular Mechanisms and Experimental Therapy in Oncology Program (Oncobell), Institut d\u2019Investigaci\u00f3 Biom\u00e8dica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L\u2019Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Departament de Ci\u00e8ncies Fisiol\u00f2giques, Facultat de Medicina i Ci\u00e8ncies de la Salut (Campus de Bellvitge), Universitat de Barcelona, L\u2019Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antoni","family":"Riera-Mestre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, L\u2019Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Institut d\u2019Investigaci\u00f3 Biom\u00e8dica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L\u2019Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, L\u2019Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9918-6751","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Francesc","family":"Vi\u00f1als","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Program Against Cancer Therapeutic Resistance (ProCURE), Institut Catal\u00e0 d\u2019Oncologia, Hospital Duran i Reynals, L\u2019Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Molecular Mechanisms and Experimental Therapy in Oncology Program (Oncobell), Institut d\u2019Investigaci\u00f3 Biom\u00e8dica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L\u2019Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Departament de Ci\u00e8ncies Fisiol\u00f2giques, Facultat de Medicina i Ci\u00e8ncies de la Salut (Campus de Bellvitge), Universitat de Barcelona, L\u2019Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"416","reference":[{"key":"bib1","series-title":"Nature Medicine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1038\/74651","article-title":"Mechanisms of angiogenesis and arteriogenesis","volume":"6","author":"Carmeliet","year":"2000","unstructured":"Carmeliet PMechanisms of angiogenesis and arteriogenesis. 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