{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T02:07:00Z","timestamp":1788314820751,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":90,"publisher":"Bioscientifica","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,15]],"date-time":"2026-06-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781481600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":530,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.bioscientifica.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The placenta is a highly vascularised organ that depends on tightly regulated angiolymphatic networks to sustain normal fetal growth and maternal adaptation to pregnancy. Disruption of these pathways contributes to major obstetric complications, including preeclampsia, fetal growth restriction, gestational diabetes, and stillbirth. In recent years, advances in molecular pathology and high-throughput technologies have identified a spectrum of angiogenic, lymphangiogenic, and endothelial biomarkers that provide mechanistic insights and hold translational promise. Among these, vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF-A, VEGF-C, VEGF-D), placental growth factor (PlGF), soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1), angiopoietins, podoplanin, and lymphatic vessel endothelial hyaluronan receptor-1 (LYVE-1) have emerged as key regulators. Differential expression of these markers in placental tissue, maternal circulation, and extracellular vesicles has been correlated with disease severity, placental morphology, and adverse neonatal outcomes. Despite growing evidence, clinical application is limited by methodological heterogeneity, gestational age\u2013specific variability, and incomplete understanding of lymphatic involvement in placental physiology. This review synthesises current knowledge on angiolymphatic biomarkers in the placenta, highlighting their role in vascular development, disease pathogenesis, and potential as diagnostic and prognostic tools. Future research integrating molecular assays, imaging modalities, and systems biology approaches is essential to standardise biomarker panels and translate them into clinically meaningful strategies for maternal\u2013fetal medicine.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1530\/vb-25-0009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,27]],"date-time":"2025-11-27T12:36:32Z","timestamp":1764246992000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/crossmarkpolicy-12","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["sFlt-1\/PlGF and beyond: angiolymphatic-associated signatures and emerging biomarkers in placental pathology"],"prefix":"10.1530","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9956-2246","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Seetu","family":"Palo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0708-1037","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Mishu","family":"Mangla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2002-5198","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Rohini","family":"Motwani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"416","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026070714043742700_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3276","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14163276","article-title":"Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and fetal growth restriction: clinical characteristics and placental lesions and possible preventive nutritional targets","volume":"14","author":"Di Martino","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"2026070714043742700_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6136","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25116136","article-title":"First trimester placental biomarkers for pregnancy outcomes","volume":"25","author":"Cristodoro","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"2026070714043742700_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"562","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-025-07558-4","article-title":"New first trimester circulating angiogenic biomarkers in predicting early-onset and late-onset fetal growth restriction: a case-control study","volume":"25","author":"Bai","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"key":"2026070714043742700_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-23941-0","volume-title":"Pathology of The Human Placenta.","author":"Benirschke","year":"2012","edition":"6th"},{"key":"2026070714043742700_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2003.10.004","article-title":"Aspects of human fetoplacental vasculogenesis and angiogenesis. 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