{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,7]],"date-time":"2026-02-07T22:01:55Z","timestamp":1770501715595,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1979,5,1]],"date-time":"1979-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":294364800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["reproduction-online.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1979,5,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Summary. The effect of the rate of rewarming on the survival of 8-cell mouse embryos and blastocysts was examined. The samples were slowly cooled (0\u00b73\u20130\u00b76\u00b0C\/min) in 1\u00b75 m-DMSO to temperatures between \u221210 and \u221280\u00b0C before direct transfer to liquid nitrogen (\u2212196\u00b0C). Embryos survived rapid thawing (275\u2013500\u00b0C\/min) only when slow cooling was terminated at relatively high subzero temperatures (\u221210 to \u221250\u00b0C). The highest levels of survival in vitro of rapidly thawed 8-cell embryos were obtained after transfer to \u2212196\u00b0C from \u221235 and \u221240\u00b0C (72 to 88%) and of rapidly thawed blastocysts after transfer from \u221225 to \u221250\u00b0C (69 to 74%). By contrast, for embryos to survive slow thawing (8 to 20\u00b0C\/min) slow cooling to lower subzero temperatures (\u221260\u00b0C and below) was required before transfer to \u2212196\u00b0C. The results indicate that embryos transferred to \u2212 196\u00b0C from high subzero temperatures contain sufficient intracellular ice to damage them during slow warming but to permit survival after rapid warming.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Survival of embryos after rapid dilution of DMSO at room temperature was similar to that after slow (stepwise) dilution at 0\u00b0C. There was no difference between the viability of rapidly and slowly thawed embryos after transfer to pseudopregnant foster mothers. It is concluded that the behaviour of mammalian embryos subjected to the stresses of freezing and thawing is similar to that of other mammalian cells. A simpler and quicker method for the preservation of mouse embryos is described.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1530\/jrf.0.0560011","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,3,20]],"date-time":"2004-03-20T03:12:46Z","timestamp":1079752366000},"page":"11-21","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/rep\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":84,"title":["Survival of frozen mouse embryos after rapid thawing from \u2212196\u00b0C"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"56","author":[{"given":"D. G.","family":"Whittingham","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maureen","family":"Wood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Farrant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J. A.","family":"Halsey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1979,5,1]]},"container-title":["Reproduction"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/reproduction\/article-pdf\/56\/1\/11\/64933475\/jrf_56_1_005.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/reproduction\/article-pdf\/56\/1\/11\/64933475\/jrf_56_1_005.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T18:16:25Z","timestamp":1767896185000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/reproduction\/article\/56\/1\/11\/8289987"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1979,5,1]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1979,5,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1530\/jrf.0.0560011","relation":{},"ISSN":["1470-1626","1741-7899"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1470-1626","type":"print"},{"value":"1741-7899","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[1979,5,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[1979,5,1]]}}}