{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,3]],"date-time":"2025-10-03T00:54:58Z","timestamp":1759452898579,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"IMR Press","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["HSF"],"abstract":"<jats:p>&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Background:&lt;\/b&gt; Surgery for thoracic and thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms can be complicated by a significant incidence of neurogenic deficits due to spinal cord ischemia. In this study, we investigated whether ischemic preconditioning (IPC) improves neurologic outcome in a rabbit model.&lt;\/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Methods:&lt;\/b&gt; Forty rabbits underwent infrarenal aortic occlusion. The IPC group (n = 20) had 10 minutes of aortic occlusion to induce spinal cord ischemia, 40 minutes of reperfusion, and 30 minutes of ischemia, whereas the control group (n = 20) had only 30 minutes of ischemia. Tarlov scoring (0, paraplegia; 4, normal) was used to evaluate neurologic functions 7 days later, and spinal cord segments (L4-L6) were stained with hematoxylin and eosin for histologic evaluation.&lt;\/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;\/b&gt; Complete paraplegia (grade 0) occurred in 15 (75%) of the 20 control animals, whereas in the IPC group, 13 (65%) of 20 animals were completely normal (grade 4) (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;\/i&gt; &lt; .05).&lt;\/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Conclusion:&lt;\/b&gt; IPC is beneficial for protecting against neurologic damage after transient aortic occlusion in a rabbit model; however, the protective mechanisms are not clear.&lt;\/p&gt;<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1532\/hsf98.20111039","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,14]],"date-time":"2011-10-14T21:05:35Z","timestamp":1318626335000},"page":"317","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Rapid Ischemic Preconditioning with a Short Reperfusion Time Prevents Delayed Paraplegia in a Rabbit Model"],"prefix":"10.31083","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Mehmet","family":"Ozkokeli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mehmet Ugur","family":"Es","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ugur","family":"Filizcan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Murat","family":"Ugurlucan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ahmet","family":"Sasmazel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cenk","family":"Tataroglu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"16242","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-4975(99)01301-6","article-title":"Ischemic preconditioning protects against paraplegia after transient aortic occlusion in the rat","volume":"69","author":"V Abraham","year":"2000","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1937","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.29.9.1937","article-title":"Ischemic preconditioning and brain tolerance: temporal histological and functional outcomes, protein synthesis requirement, and interleukin-1 receptor antagonist and early gene expression","volume":"29","author":"F Barone","year":"1998","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejcts.2005.06.014","article-title":"Heat stress increases the effectiveness of early ischemic preconditioning in spinal cord protection","volume":"28","author":"M Basaran","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur J Cardiothorac Surg"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-4975(10)61432-4","article-title":"Surgical treatment of aneurysms of the descending thoracic aorta: an analysis of 85 patients","volume":"35","author":"D Carlson","year":"1983","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1245","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-4975(01)03057-0","article-title":"Systemic adenosine A2A agonist ameliorates ischemic reperfusion injury in the rabbit spinal cord","volume":"72","author":"D Cassada","year":"2001","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1067\/mva.1986.avs0030389","article-title":"Thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms: preoperative and intraoperative factors determining immediate and long-term results of operations in 605 patients","volume":"3","author":"E Crawford","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg"},{"key":"7","first-page":"73","article-title":"Graft replacement of aneurysm in descending thoracic aorta: results without shunting","volume":"89","author":"E Crawford","year":"1981","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-3019(99)00082-8","article-title":"Experimental study of the protection of ischemic preconditioning to spinal cord ischemia","volume":"52","author":"T Fan","year":"1999","journal-title":"Surg Neurol"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1671","DOI":"10.1006\/jmcc.1996.0157","article-title":"Importance of the early alterations of energy metabolism in the induction and the disappearance of ischemic preconditioning in the isolated rat heart","volume":"28","author":"A Garnier","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Mol Cell Cardiol"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4666","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.92.10.4666","article-title":"Essential role of adenosine, adenosine A1 receptors, and ATP-sensitive K+ channels in cerebral ischemic preconditioning","volume":"92","author":"C Heurteaux","year":"1995","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1112","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200311000-00017","article-title":"Evaluation of rapid ischemic preconditioning in a rabbit model of spinal cord ischemia","volume":"99","author":"M Kakimoto","year":"2003","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1279","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-4975(97)00903-X","article-title":"Neuronal cell death in the ischemic spinal cord: the effect of methylprednisolone","volume":"64","author":"G Kannellopoulos","year":"1997","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(91)90831-F","article-title":"Temporal profile of the effects of pretreatment with brief cerebral ischemia on the neuronal damage following secondary ischemic insult in the gerbil: cumulative damage and protective effects","volume":"553","author":"H Kato","year":"1991","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1315","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-4975(97)00104-5","article-title":"Effect of spinal cord preconditioning on paraplegia during crossclamping of the thoracic aorta","volume":"63","author":"K Matsuyama","year":"1997","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1067\/mtc.2001.113935","article-title":"Establishment of a local cooling model against spinal cord ischemia representing prolonged induction of heat shock protein","volume":"122","author":"N Motoyoshi","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1097\/00001756-199801260-00026","article-title":"Tolerization against loss of neuronal function after ischemia-reperfusion injury","volume":"9","author":"N Munyao","year":"1998","journal-title":"Neuroreport"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1124","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.74.5.1124","article-title":"Preconditioning with ischemia: a delay in lethal cell injury in ischemic myocardium","volume":"74","author":"C Murry","year":"1986","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1097\/00004647-200202000-00004","article-title":"Rapid tolerance to focal cerebral ischemia in rats is attenuated by adenosine A1 receptor antagonists","volume":"22","author":"M Nakamura","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Cereb Blood Flow Metab"},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1097\/00004647-199702000-00007","article-title":"Rapid ischemic preconditioning protects rats against ischemic neuronal damage after 3 but not 7 days of reperfusion following global cerebral ischemia","volume":"17","author":"M Perez-Pinzon","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Cereb Blood Flow Metab"},{"key":"20","first-page":"33","article-title":"The use of hypothermia on the prevention of paraplegia following temporary aortic occlusion: experimental observations","volume":"36","author":"R Pontius","year":"1954","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"588","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5223(00)70141-3","article-title":"Hypothermic retrograde venous perfusion with adenosine cools the spinal cord and reduces the risk of paraplegia after thoracic aortic clamping","volume":"119","author":"S Ross","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/S0741-5214(96)70266-5","article-title":"Cerebrospinal fluid drainage and distal aortic perfusion: reducing neurologic complications in repair of thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm types I and II","volume":"23","author":"H Safi","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg"},{"key":"23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"720","DOI":"10.1016\/S0741-5214(98)70238-1","article-title":"Enhancement of heat shock protein expression after transient ischemia in the preconditioned spinal cord of rabbits","volume":"27","author":"M Sakurai","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg"},{"key":"24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1016\/0741-5214(93)90421-H","article-title":"Experience with 1509 patients undergoing thoracoabdominal aortic operations","volume":"17","author":"L Svensson","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg"},{"key":"25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5223(19)38483-1","article-title":"Relationship of spinal blood flow to vascular anatomy during thoracic aortic cross-clamping and shunting","volume":"91","author":"L Svensson","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5223(19)38888-9","article-title":"Cross-clamping of descending aorta: hemodynamic and neurohumoral effects","volume":"85","author":"P Symbas","year":"1983","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1016\/S1010-7940(00)00646-1","article-title":"Prevention of spinal cord ischemia during descending thoracic and thoracoabdominal aortic surgery","volume":"19","author":"I Wan","year":"2001","journal-title":"Eur J Cardiothorac Surg"},{"key":"28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"874","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-4975(99)00559-7","article-title":"Ischemic preconditioning reduces neurologic injury in a rat model of spinal cord ischemia","volume":"68","author":"D Zvara","year":"1999","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"}],"container-title":["The Heart Surgery Forum"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/journal.hsforum.com\/index.php\/HSF\/article\/viewFile\/684\/688","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,2]],"date-time":"2025-10-02T18:22:46Z","timestamp":1759429366000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.imrpress.com\/journal\/HSF\/14\/5\/10.1532\/HSF98.20111039"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,13]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1532\/hsf98.20111039","relation":{},"ISSN":["1522-6662","1098-3511"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1522-6662"},{"type":"print","value":"1098-3511"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,13]]}}}