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The majority of the tRNA sequences are more closely related to their plant counterparts than to animals ones. Northern experiments also permitted us to show that at least one member of each tRNA isoacceptor family is transcribed and correctly processed in vivo. A short stretch of T residues known to be a signal for termination of polymerase III transcription was found downstream of most tRNA genes. It allowed us to propose that the vast majority of the tRNA genes are expressed and to confirm that numerous tRNA genes separated by short spacers are indeed cotranscribed. Interestingly, in silico analyses and hybridization experiments show that the cellular tRNA abundance is correlated with the number of tRNA genes and is adjusted to the codon usage to optimize translation efficiency. Finally, we studied the origin of SINEs, short interspersed elements related to tRNAs, whose presence in Chlamydomonas is exceptional. Phylogenetic analysis strongly suggests that tRNAAsp-related SINEs originate from a prokaryotic-type tRNA either horizontally transferred from a bacterium or originally present in mitochondria or chloroplasts.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1534\/genetics.107.085688","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,5,21]],"date-time":"2008-05-21T02:43:57Z","timestamp":1211337837000},"page":"113-123","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["On the Evolution and Expression of <i>Chlamydomonas reinhardtii<\/i> Nucleus-Encoded Transfer RNA Genes"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"179","author":[{"given":"Vale\u0301rie","family":"Cognat","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut de Biologie Mole\u0301culaire des Plantes , Unite\u0301 Propre de Recherche 2357, Conventionne\u0301e avec l'Universite\u0301 Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg 1), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 67084 Strasbourg Cedex, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean-Marc","family":"Deragon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universite\u0301 de Perpignan Via Domitia , CNRS UMR5096 Laboratoire Ge\u0301nome et De\u0301veloppement des Plantes, 66860 Perpignan Cedex, France and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizaveta","family":"Vinogradova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut de Biologie Mole\u0301culaire des Plantes , Unite\u0301 Propre de Recherche 2357, Conventionne\u0301e avec l'Universite\u0301 Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg 1), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 67084 Strasbourg Cedex, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thalia","family":"Salinas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut de Biologie Mole\u0301culaire des Plantes , Unite\u0301 Propre de Recherche 2357, Conventionne\u0301e avec l'Universite\u0301 Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg 1), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 67084 Strasbourg Cedex, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claire","family":"Remacle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ge\u0301ne\u0301tique des Microorganismes , De\u0301partement des Sciences de la Vie, Institut de Botanique, Universite\u0301 de Lie\u0300ge, B-4000 Lie\u0300ge, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laurence","family":"Mare\u0301chal-Drouard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut de Biologie Mole\u0301culaire des Plantes , Unite\u0301 Propre de Recherche 2357, Conventionne\u0301e avec l'Universite\u0301 Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg 1), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 67084 Strasbourg Cedex, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,5,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022110410281291900_BIB1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"893","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkj449","volume":"34","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"2022110410281291900_BIB2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-313X.2001.01029.x","volume":"26","year":"2001","journal-title":"Plant J."},{"key":"2022110410281291900_BIB3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"728","DOI":"10.1038\/325728a0","volume":"325","year":"1987","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2022110410281291900_BIB4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-313X.2003.01752.x","volume":"34","year":"2003","journal-title":"Plant J."},{"key":"2022110410281291900_BIB5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"949","DOI":"10.1080\/10635150601047843","volume":"55","year":"2006","journal-title":"Syst. 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