{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:12:10Z","timestamp":1782864730547,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,1]],"date-time":"2009-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1238544000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Alternating patches of black and yellow pigment are a ubiquitous feature of mammalian color variation that contributes to camouflage, species recognition, and morphologic diversity. X-linked determinants of this pattern\u2014recognized by variegation in females but not in males\u2014have been described in the domestic cat as Orange, and in the Syrian hamster as Sex-linked yellow (Sly), but are curiously absent from other vertebrate species. Using a comparative genomic approach, we develop molecular markers and a linkage map for the euchromatic region of the Syrian hamster X chromosome that places Sly in a region homologous to the centromere-proximal region of human Xp. Comparison to analogous work carried out for Orange in domestic cats indicates, surprisingly, that the cat and hamster mutations lie in nonhomologous regions of the X chromosome. We also identify the molecular cause of recessively inherited black coat color in hamsters (historically referred to as nonagouti) as a Cys115Tyr mutation in the Agouti gene. Animals doubly mutant for Sly and nonagouti exhibit a Sly phenotype. Our results indicate that Sly represents a melanocortin pathway component that acts similarly to, but is genetically distinct from, Mc1r and that has implications for understanding both the evolutionary history and the mutational mechanisms of pigment-type switching.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1534\/genetics.108.095018","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,2,3]],"date-time":"2009-02-03T02:39:23Z","timestamp":1233628763000},"page":"1427-1436","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Genetics of<i>Sex-linked yellow<\/i>in the Syrian Hamster"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"181","author":[{"given":"Azita","family":"Alizadeh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Genetics and Pediatrics , Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305 and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lewis Z","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Genetics and Pediatrics , Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305 and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher B","family":"Kaelin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Genetics and Pediatrics , Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305 and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Terje","family":"Raudsepp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences , Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hermogenes","family":"Manuel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Genetics and Pediatrics , Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305 and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gregory S","family":"Barsh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Genetics and Pediatrics , Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305 and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023030705462771800_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2003.tb03195.x","volume":"994","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ann. 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