{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T13:40:50Z","timestamp":1790257250322,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":106,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,30]],"date-time":"2019-01-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1548806400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Genetic screens in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans have identified EGF and Notch pathways as key for vulval precursor cell fate patterning. Here, Vargas-Velazquez, Besnard, and F\u00e9lix report on the molecular identification of...<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Genetic screens in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans identified the EGF\/Ras and Notch pathways as central for vulval precursor cell fate patterning. Schematically, the anchor cell secretes EGF, inducing the P6.p cell to a primary (1\u00b0) vulval fate; P6.p in turn induces its neighbors to a secondary (2\u00b0) fate through Delta-Notch signaling and represses Ras signaling. In the nematode Oscheius tipulae, the anchor cell successively induces 2\u00b0 then 1\u00b0 vulval fates. Here, we report on the molecular identification of mutations affecting vulval induction in O. tipulae. A single Induction Vulvaless mutation was found, which we identify as a cis-regulatory deletion in a tissue-specific enhancer of the O. tipulae lin-3 homolog, confirmed by clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats\/Cas9 mutation. In contrast to this predictable Vulvaless mutation, mutations resulting in an excess of 2\u00b0 fates unexpectedly correspond to the plexin\/semaphorin pathway. Hyperinduction of P4.p and P8.p in these mutants likely results from mispositioning of these cells due to a lack of contact inhibition. The third signaling pathway found by forward genetics in O. tipulae is the Wnt pathway; a decrease in Wnt pathway activity results in loss of vulval precursor competence and induction, and 1\u00b0 fate miscentering on P5.p. Our results suggest that the EGF and Wnt pathways have qualitatively similar activities in vulval induction in C. elegans and O. tipulae, albeit with quantitative differences in the effects of mutation. Thus, the derived induction process in C. elegans with an early induction of the 1\u00b0 fate appeared during evolution, after the recruitment of the EGF pathway for vulval induction.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1534\/genetics.119.301970","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,30]],"date-time":"2019-01-30T23:15:55Z","timestamp":1548890155000},"page":"1315-1330","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Necessity and Contingency in Developmental Genetic Screens: EGF, Wnt, and Semaphorin Pathways in Vulval Induction of the Nematode\n                    <i>Oscheius tipulae<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"211","author":[{"given":"Amhed M","family":"Vargas-Velazquez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabrice","family":"Besnard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut de Biologie de l\u2019Ecole Normale Sup\u00e9rieure , Ecole Normale Sup\u00e9rieure, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Sant\u00e9 et de la Recherche M\u00e9dicale, PSL Research University, 75005 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marie-Anne","family":"F\u00e9lix","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut de Biologie de l\u2019Ecole Normale Sup\u00e9rieure , Ecole Normale Sup\u00e9rieure, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Sant\u00e9 et de la Recherche M\u00e9dicale, PSL Research University, 75005 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023031005054732900_","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1534\/genetics.114.169730","article-title":"Efficient marker-free recovery of custom genetic modifications with CRISPR\/Cas9 in Caenorhabditis elegans.","volume":"198","author":"Arribere","year":"2014","journal-title":"Genetics"},{"key":"2023031005054732900_","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2006.02.049","article-title":"Wntless, a conserved membrane protein dedicated to the secretion of Wnt proteins from signaling cells.","volume":"125","author":"B\u00e4nziger","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"2023031005054732900_","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/j.devcel.2012.12.001","article-title":"Robustness and epistasis in the C. elegans vulval signaling network revealed by pathway dosage modulation.","volume":"24","author":"Barkoulas","year":"2013","journal-title":"Dev. 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