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Lang RM, Badano LP, Mor-Avi V, <i>et al<\/i>. Recommendations for cardiac chamber quantification by echocardiography in adults: an update from the American Society of Echocardiography and the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2015; 28: 1-39."},{"key":"6","unstructured":"6. Nagueh SF, Appleton CP, Gillebert TC, <i>et al<\/i>. Recommendations for the evaluation of left ventricular diastolic function by echocardiography. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2009; 22: 107-33. (Review)"},{"key":"7","unstructured":"7. Nagueh SF, Appleton CP, Gillebert TC, <i>et al<\/i>. Recommendations for the evaluation of left ventricular diastolic function by echocardiography. Eur J Echocardiogr 2009; 10: 165-93. (Review)"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"8. Suffoletto MS, Dohi K, Cannesson M, Saba S, Gorcsan J 3rd. Novel speckle-tracking radial strain from routine black-and-white echocardiographic images to quantify dyssynchrony and predict response to cardiac resynchronization therapy. Circulation 2006; 113: 960-8.","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.571455"},{"key":"9","unstructured":"9. Tanaka H, Nesser HJ, Buck T, <i>et al<\/i>. Dyssynchrony by speckle-tracking echocardiography and response to cardiac resynchronization therapy: results of the Speckle Tracking and Resynchronization (STAR) study. Eur Heart J 2010; 31: 1690-700."},{"key":"10","unstructured":"10. Gorcsan J 3rd, Abraham T, Agler DA, <i>et al<\/i>. Echocardiography for cardiac resynchronization therapy: recommendations for performance and reporting-a report from the American Society of Echocardiography Dyssynchrony Writing Group endorsed by the Heart Rhythm Society. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2008; 21: 191-213."},{"key":"11","unstructured":"11. Gorcsan J 3rd, Tanaka H. Echocardiographic assessment of myocardial strain. J Am Coll Cardiol 2011; 58: 1401-13. (Review)"},{"key":"12","unstructured":"12. Delgado V, Tops LF, Trines SA, <i>et al<\/i>. Acute effects of right ventricular apical pacing on left ventricular synchrony and mechanics. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol 2009; 2: 135-45."},{"key":"13","unstructured":"13. Tse HF, Yu C, Wong KK, <i>et al<\/i>. Functional abnormalities in patients with permanent right ventricular pacing: the effect of sites of electrical stimulation. J Am Coll Cardiol 2002; 40: 1451-8."},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"14. Wilkoff BL, Cook JR, Epstein AE, <i>et al<\/i>. Dual-chamber pacing or ventricular backup pacing in patients with an implantable defibrillator: the Dual Chamber and VVI Implantable Defibrillator (DAVID) Trial. JAMA 2002; 288: 3115-23.","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.288.24.3115"},{"key":"15","unstructured":"15. Steinberg JS, Fischer A, Wang P, <i>et al<\/i>. The clinical implications of cumulative right ventricular pacing in the multicenter automatic defibrillator trial II. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2005; 16: 359-65."},{"key":"16","unstructured":"16. Sakatani T, Sakamoto A, Kawamura K, <i>et al<\/i>. Clinical Outcome After Permanent Pacemaker Implantation in Patients With a High Percentage of Ventricular Pacing. Int Heart J 2015; 56: 622-5."},{"key":"17","unstructured":"17. Yu CM, Chan JY, Zhang Q, <i>et al<\/i>. Biventricular pacing in patients with bradycardia and normal ejection fraction. N Engl J Med 2009; 361: 2123-34."},{"key":"18","unstructured":"18. Gierula J, Cubbon RM, Jamil HA, <i>et al<\/i>. Patients with long-term permanent pacemakers have a high prevalence of left ventricular dysfunction. J Cardiovasc Med (Hagerstown) 2015; 16: 743-50."},{"key":"19","unstructured":"19. Tops LF, Schalij MJ, Bax JJ. The effects of right ventricular apical pacing on ventricular function and dyssynchrony implications for therapy. J Am Coll Cardiol 2009; 54: 764-76. (Review)"},{"key":"20","unstructured":"20. Tanaka H, Hara H, Adelstein EC, Schwartzman D, Saba S, Gorcsan J 3rd. Comparative mechanical activation mapping of RV pacing to LBBB by 2D and 3D speckle tracking and association with response to resynchronization therapy. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 2010; 3: 461-71."},{"key":"21","unstructured":"21. Ishibashi K, Kubo T, Kitabata H, <i>et al<\/i>. Improvement of cardiac function by increasing stimulus strength during left ventricular pacing in cardiac resynchronization therapy. Int Heart J 2015; 56: 62-6."},{"key":"22","unstructured":"22. Kindermann M, Hennen B, Jung J, Geisel J, B\u00f6hm M, Fr\u00f6hlig G. Biventricular versus conventional right ventricular stimulation for patients with standard pacing indication and left ventricular dysfunction: the Homburg Biventricular Pacing Evaluation (HOBIPACE). J Am Coll Cardiol 2006; 47: 1927-37."},{"key":"23","unstructured":"23. Martinelli Filho M, de Siqueira SF, Costa R, <i>et al<\/i>. Conventional versus biventricular pacing in heart failure and bradyarrhythmia: the COMBAT study. J Card Fail 2010; 16: 293-300."},{"key":"24","unstructured":"24. Lumens J, Ploux S, Strik M, <i>et al<\/i>. Comparative electromechanical and hemodynamic effects of left ventricular and biventricular pacing in dyssynchronous heart failure: electrical resynchronization versus left-right ventricular interaction. 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